NUR 641E Topic 3 Discussions & Assignment

GCU NUR 641E Topic 3: Fluid, Electrolyte, And Acid-Base Pathophysiology

Mar 17-23, 2022

Max Points:197

Objectives:

Describe normal pathophysiology and alterations in electrolytes and their presentations.
Differentiate between acid-base imbalances: metabolic acidosis or alkalosis and respiratory acidosis or alkalosis.
Compare the role of the respiratory and renal systems in regulating acid-base balance.
Describe a pharmacological intervention using an evidence-based treatment guideline.

ORDER NOW FOR ORIGINAL, PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPERS

Topic 3 DQ 1

Mar 17-19, 2022

Choose a medical condition from the fluid, electrolyte, or acid-base system and explain the pathophysiology changes that may occur. What patient education would need to be included related to this disorder? Make sure that you select a different medical condition than your peers. Include the name of the medical condition in the subject line so that the medical conditions can be followed. Include your references in APA style.

REPLY TO DISCUSSION

Nicole Santos

Posted Date

Mar 21, 2022, 8:06 PM

Read

Replies to Nicole

Hypercalcemia is a condition where calcium level in the blood are elevated. Elevated calcium level in the blood can weaken the bones, form kidney stones, and affect the cardiac and brain function. Overactive parathyroid glands are typically the cause of hypercalcemia, other causes are cancer, other medical issues and medications, and taking too much calcium and vitamin D supplements.

Hypercalcemia can affect the following:

Kidneys: makes kidney work harder causing excessive thirst and frequent urination
GI system: stomach disturbances, nausea, vomiting, constipation
Bones and Muscles: weak and brittle bones, bone pain, muscle weakness
Brain: confusion, lethargy, fatigue, depression
Heart: palpitations, fainting, arrhythmia

Some patient education in patients would be to inform of signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia; inform for risk of kidney stones; drink plenty of water; avoid food high in dairy or calcium; discontinue calcium supplements; refrain from using antacids with calcium and opt for antacids with magnesium.

References

McCance, K. L., & Huether, S. E. (2018). Pathophysiology – e-book: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children (8th ed.). Mosby. https://bibliu.com/app/#/view/books/9780323413206/epub/OPS/xhtml/chp00007.html

NUR 641E Topic 3 Discussions & Assignment Topic 3 DQ 2

Mar 17-21, 2022

Select a medication used in evidence-based treatment guidelines for the condition chosen in the first discussion question. Share the mechanism of action of this medication and hints for monitoring, side effects, and drug interactions of which one should be aware. Make sure that you select a different medication than your peers. Include the name of the medication in the subject line so that the medications can be followed. Include your references in APA style.

REPLY TO DISCUSSION

Vanessa

Posted Date

Mar 22, 2022, 9:36 PM

Read

Replies to Vanessa

Magnesium sulfate

Magnesium sulfate is an evidence-based treatment used to treat hypomagnesemia. Depending on the severity of the hypomagnesemia and the stability of the patient, the administration can be oral, intravenous, intraosseous (if no other route is possible), or intramuscular. It can be combined with dextrose 5% or water to make intravenous solutions (Hicks & Tyagi, 2022). If given orally, it causes an osmotic shift in fluid; if given parenterally it will be broken down to elemental magnesium, and be used to replete and maintain circulating magnesium stores (Hicks & Tyagi, 2022). An increase in the serum concentration of magnesium occurs. When repleting magnesium in patients with abnormal kidney function, it is recommended that doses be reduced to prevent hypermagnesemia. After magnesium sulfate is administered parenterally, monitoring of the serum levels should be drawn every 6-8 hours (Hicks & Tyagi, 2022). Clinical assessment of patellar reflexes, urinary output, and possible signs and symptoms of hypermagnesemia should be monitored, too. Some of the common side effects of giving this parenterally within the therapeutic range are facial flushing and warmth (Hicks & Tyagi, 2022). If it is given parenterally and too quickly or in high doses, it can lead to hypotension absent reflexes, weakness, decreased respiratory drive, and abnormal cardiac conduction (Hicks & Tyagi, 2022). If a therapeutic dose is taken orally, nausea and loose stools can result. Several drug interactions may occur but vary greatly in severity. Some of the drugs to speak to your doctor about before taking magnesium are aminoglycoside antibiotics, such as amikacin and gentamicin, because if taken together respiratory depression may result (Magnesium sulfate interactions, n.d.). Taking medications that help with increasing calcium levels, such as calcium or Vitamin D medications, could increase the risk for hypermagnesemia (Magnesium sulfate interactions, n.d.).

References

Hicks, M., & Tyagi, A. (2022). Magnesium Sulfate. NCBI. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554553/

Magnesium sulfate interactions. (n.d.). Drugs.com. https://www.drugs.com/drug-interactions/magnesium-sulfate.html

Topic 3 Acid-Base and Electrolyte Case Study — NUR 641E Topic 3 Discussions & Assignment

REVIEW ASSIGNMENT

Points

167

Rubric

View Rubric

Status

Published

Assessment Description

A nurse is taking care of an 85-year-old woman in a hospital-based skilled nursing facility. In the report, the nurse is told the patient has not been breathing well for the past 2 days. She has been lethargic, her skin is warm and dry, and she has a decreased urine output. The following laboratory findings were returned from the laboratory immediately after morning report:

Blood Chemistries

Na: 147
Cl: 110
K: 4.0

Arterial Blood Gases

pH: 7.33
PCO2: 48
HCO3: 27
PO2: 96

Urinalysis

Urine Specific Gravity: 1.040

Address the following:

Identify each of the abnormal laboratory findings in the above results. Specify how they differ from a normal range and identify what condition each abnormality indicates.
What specific electrolyte disturbance does the patient have?
What clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to see with this electrolyte abnormality presented above?
If the patient had an increase in her potassium level, for what clinical manifestations would the nurse monitor?
What blood gas abnormality is seen in this patient? Discuss the rationale for your answer.
What are the three major mechanisms of pH regulation?

While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are not required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite.

ORDER NOW FOR ORIGINAL, PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPERS

Acid-Base and Electrolyte Case Study – Rubric — NUR 641E Topic 3 Discussions & Assignment

Collapse All Acid-Base And Electrolyte Case Study – RubricCollapse All

Identification of Abnormalities

25.05 points

Criteria Description

Identification of Abnormalities

5: Excellent 93-100%

25.05 points

Identification of the abnormal laboratory findings is accurate, supplemented by a detailed and thorough identification of the conditions each abnormality indicates.

4: Good 89-92%

23.05 points

Identification of the abnormal laboratory findings and their respective conditions is accurate.

3: Satisfactory 81-88%

22.04 points

Identification of the abnormal laboratory findings and their respective conditions is mostly correct but is missing key specifics.

2: Less Than Satisfactory 76-80%

20.04 points

Identification of the abnormal laboratory findings and their respective conditions is incorrect and/or incomplete.

1: Unsatisfactory 0-75%

0 points

Identification of the abnormal laboratory findings and their respective conditions is not included.

Identification of Electrolyte Disturbance

25.05 points

Criteria Description

Identification of Electrolyte Disturbance

5: Excellent 93-100%

25.05 points

Identification of the electrolyte disturbance is correct.

4: Good 89-92%

23.05 points

N/A

3: Satisfactory 81-88%

22.04 points

N/A

2: Less Than Satisfactory 76-80%

20.04 points

Identification of the electrolyte disturbance is incorrect.

1: Unsatisfactory 0-75%

0 points

Identification of the electrolyte disturbance is not included.

Electrolyte Abnormality Clinical Manifestations

25.05 points

Criteria Description

Electrolyte Abnormality Clinical Manifestations

5: Excellent 93-100%

25.05 points

Identification of electrolyte abnormality clinical manifestations is accurate, supported by thorough and detailed insight.

4: Good 89-92%

23.05 points

Identification of electrolyte abnormality clinical manifestations is accurate.

3: Satisfactory 81-88%

22.04 points

Identification of electrolyte abnormality clinical manifestations is mostly correct but is missing key symptoms. NUR 641E Topic 3 Discussions & Assignment

2: Less Than Satisfactory 76-80%

20.04 points

Identification of electrolyte abnormality clinical manifestations is incorrect and/or incomplete.

1: Unsatisfactory 0-75%

0 points

Identification of electrolyte abnormality clinical manifestations is not included.

Increased Potassium Clinical Manifestations

25.05 points

Criteria Description

Increased Potassium Clinical Manifestations

5: Excellent 93-100%

25.05 points

Identification of increased potassium level clinical manifestations is accurate, supported by detailed and thorough insight.

4: Good 89-92%

23.05 points

Identification of increased potassium level clinical manifestations is accurate.

3: Satisfactory 81-88%

22.04 points

Identification of increased potassium level clinical manifestations is mostly correct but is missing key symptoms.

2: Less Than Satisfactory 76-80%

20.04 points

Identification of increased potassium level clinical manifestations is incorrect and/or incomplete.

1: Unsatisfactory 0-75%

0 points

Identification of increased potassium level clinical manifestations is not included.

Blood Gas Abnormality

25.05 points

Criteria Description

Blood Gas Abnormality

5: Excellent 93-100%

25.05 points

Assessment of blood gas abnormality is accurate, supported by a detailed and thorough discussion of the patient’s condition.

4: Good 89-92%

23.05 points

Assessment of blood gas abnormality is accurate.

3: Satisfactory 81-88%

22.04 points

Assessment of blood gas abnormality is mostly correct but is missing key specifics.

2: Less Than Satisfactory 76-80%

20.04 points

Assessment of blood gas abnormality is incorrect and/or incomplete.

1: Unsatisfactory 0-75%

0 points

Assessment of blood gas abnormality is not included.

Mechanisms of pH Regulation

25.05 points

Criteria Description

Mechanisms of pH Regulation

5: Excellent 93-100%

25.05 points

The three major mechanisms of pH regulation are accurately identified, and the properties of each mechanism are briefly described.

4: Good 89-92%

23.05 points

The three major mechanisms of pH regulation are accurately identified.

3: Satisfactory 81-88%

22.04 points

The three major mechanisms of pH regulation are mostly correct.

2: Less Than Satisfactory 76-80%

20.04 points

The three major mechanisms of pH regulation are incorrect and/or incomplete.

1: Unsatisfactory 0-75%

0 points

The three major mechanisms of pH regulation are not addressed.

Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, and language use)

8.35 points

Criteria Description

Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, and language use)

5: Excellent 93-100%

8.35 points

The writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.

4: Good 89-92%

7.68 points

Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present. The writer uses a variety of effective sentence structures and figures of speech.

3: Satisfactory 81-88%

7.35 points

Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the reader. Correct and varied sentence structure and audience-appropriate language are employed.

2: Less Than Satisfactory 76-80%

6.68 points

Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register) or word choice are present. Sentence structure is correct but not varied.

1: Unsatisfactory 0-75%

0 points

Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice or sentence construction is employed.

Documentation of Sources

8.35 points

Criteria Description

Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style)

5: Excellent 93-100%

8.35 points

Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error.

4: Good 89-92%

7.68 points

Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is mostly correct.

3: Satisfactory 81-88%

7.35 points

Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, although some formatting errors may be present.

2: Less Than Satisfactory 76-80%

6.68 points

Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors.

1: Unsatisfactory 0-75%

0 points

Sources are not documented.