GCU NUR 641E Topic 2 Discussions and Assignment

GCU NUR 641E Topic 2: Principles For Safe Use Of Pharmacologic And Herbal Substances

Mar 10-16, 2022

Max Points:197

Objectives:

Analyze the impact of pharmacologic agents on a patient’s health status considering physiology, pathophysiology, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and patient knowledge.
Evaluate drug actions to promote safe and effective drug therapy.
Identify ethnic, cultural, and genetic differences in patients that may affect the safety or efficacy of medications.
Integrate knowledge of pathophysiology and pharmacology into teaching and educational materials in diverse settings. GCU NUR 641E Topic 2 Discussions and Assignment

ORDER NOW FOR ORIGINAL, PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPERS

Assessments

Collapse All Assessments

GCU NUR 641E Topic 2 Discussions and Assignment Topic 2 DQ 1

Published

Assessment Description

The Beer’s criteria contain a list of drugs that are potentially unsafe for use in older persons. Utilize the provided resource, “American Geriatrics Society 2019 Updated AGS Beers Criteria for Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Older Adults” for assistance in completing this question. Select a drug on the “avoid” list that you have administered to an older patient or a drug that you know is prescribed for an older adult. Relate the outcome of using this drug to the pharmacokinetics (absorption, metabolism, distribution, and excretion) of drugs in an older client. In addition to the link, cite one other reference to support your post. Make sure that you select a different drug than your peers. Include the name of the drug in the subject line so that the drugs can be followed. Include your references in APA style.

Topic 2 DQ 2

Published

Assessment Description

Many people are using herbal medications and dietary supplements for the prevention and treatment of medical problems. Review two current research articles about two of these products. Based on the findings, what would be the implications for you as a nurse? What additional research needs to be done in this area? Cite the two references to support your answer. Make sure that you select different herbal medications and dietary supplements than your peers. Include the name of the herbal medication and dietary supplement in the subject line so that the medications can be followed. Include your references in APA style.

Content Lesson Presentation

REVIEW ASSIGNMENT

Points

167

Rubric

View Rubric

Status

Published

Assessment Description

Create an 8-9 slide presentation with speaker notes about a selected disease process and drug class. The presentation should provide content specific information on the selected disease process and drug class for staff or learners in a clinical environment.

Follow these steps:

Select a disease process and a drug class used to treat the disease process.
Describe pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug related to the pathophysiology of the disease process.
Describe the product, its intended use, side effects, adverse reactions, and safety issues.
Identify ethnic, cultural, and genetic differences in patients that may affect the safety or efficacy of medications.
How would you monitor the desired effect is achieved?

Be sure to include three to five references.

While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are not required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite.

GCU NUR 641E Topic 2 Discussions and Assignment Topic 2 DQ 1

Mar 10-12, 2022

REPLY TO DISCUSSION

Vanessa

Read

Replies to Vanessa Brown

Zolpidem (Ambien)

Zolpidem is a non-benzodiazepine receptor modulator that is approved to be used as a short-term treatment for insomnia (Bouchette et al., 2022). It is a listed medication in the American Geriatrics Society 2019 Updated Criteria for Potentially Inappropriately Medication Use in Older Adults because the elderly can have similar adverse effects as with benzodiazepines, such as delirium, falls, and increased need for hospitalization. In my experience, we gave this medication cautiously to the elderly in the hospital. This was not a first-line of sleep-aids due to the possible adverse effects. I do remember some of our patients “sleepwalking” or becoming delirious after taking this, and then having no recollection of their activities in the morning. Luckily we were there to monitor and intervene, but it could lead to harm if they were left unattended.

Absorption

Zolpidem is rapidly absorbed by the digestive tract and has a short half-life in healthy patients (Bouchette et al., 2022). Elderly population have decreased motility. This population should only receive the lowest dose of 5 mg because their concentrations were higher in RCTs (Bouchette et al., 2022).

Metabolism

This medication is converted into an inactive metabolite. Hepatic impairment, especially in the elderly, will affect the metabolism and dosage of medication given (Bouchette et al., 2022).

Distribution

This drug has vast distribution throughout the body and crosses the blood-brain barrier. Other effects that zolpidem can have is restoring brain function in patients that are in a vegetative state after brain injury (Bouchette et al., 2022).

Excretion

Zolpidem is excreted by the kidneys (Bouchette et al., 2022). Clearance will be decreased in the elderly.

References

Bouchette, D., Akhondi, H., & Quick, J. (2022). Zolpidem. StatPearls. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK442008/

The American Geriatrics Society. (2019). American geriatrics society 2019 updated AGS beers criteria for potentially inappropriately medication use in older adults. The American Geriatrics Society, 67(4), 674-694. https://agingresources.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/2019-BEERS-critieria-update.pdf

GCU NUR 641E Topic 2: Principles For Safe Use Of Pharmacologic And Herbal Substances Topic 2 DQ 2

Mar 10-14, 2022

REPLY TO DISCUSSION

Cristina

Posted Date

Mar 14, 2022

Vitamin D

Vitamin D insufficiency is a serious public health concern globally, affecting people of all ages, even those who live in regions with year-round sun exposure. Vitamin D is necessary for bone health and has been associated with immunomodulation and cell proliferation. Vitamin D exists in two forms. Vitamin D2, also known as ergocalciferol, is produced by plants and fungus, whereas vitamin D3, also known as cholecalciferol, is produced by mammals (Ramasamy, 2020). Therefore, we must consider how vitamin D is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted and how it is taken in and how it is excreted.

Additionally, patient-specific variables may vary the quantity of vitamin D necessary to achieve an adequate concentration. Therefore, it is critical to demonstrate which factors influence individuals’ reactions to vitamin D supplementation (Ramasamy, 2020). A factor to consider can affect how an individual metabolizes different forms of Vitamin D; poisoning manifests clinically as hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria. Symptoms include lethargy and disorientation, stupor, and coma; gastrointestinal symptoms such as anorexia, vomiting, and constipation; and cardiovascular symptoms such as polyuria and renal colic caused by the passage of renal stones (Ramasamy, 2020). As nurses, we need to remind the patient that even though Vitamin D is common as a supplement, it is also essential to understand that monitoring the level is vital to avoid hypertoxicity. More research is needed on the determinants of vitamin D intake and adequacy in specific patient groups, including those on co-prescribed medicines that alter vitamin D metabolism, those with malabsorption, and those who have had gastric bypass surgery. GCU NUR 641E Topic 2 Discussions and Assignment

inger-Nausea

Ginger has been revered for its medicinal benefits for over 2500 years. Ginger has diverse phytochemistry and health benefits. One of the most extensively used ginger species, Zingiber Officinalis, is present in many meals and beverages (Najim, 2017). Ginger is widely used to alleviate diarrhea, nausea, and stomach distress; it also has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. There are also studies that ginger improves blood flow in the body by stimulating the heart muscle and diluting the blood that circulates through the body ant these speeds up cell metabolism and relieve cramps and tension. Although further research is needed, it has been shown that 5 g of ginger possesses anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory properties due to enhanced fibrinolytic activity (Najim, 2017). Because of this effect, as nurses, we must educate patients before taking any herbal supplements or medicines. They need to check if they will have an adverse reaction to any other medication. For example, if the patient is taking a blood thinner, it can potentiate its effect and cause bleeding. This scientific review thinks ginger is good because it has many phytochemicals. However, there are some questions about ginger’s effectiveness, so it is best to do clinical trials with a suitable protocol before saying it works (Najim, 2017).

References

Najim, A. J. (2017). Potential health benefits and scientific review of ginger. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, 9(7), 111-116. https://doi.org/10.5897/jpp2017.0459

Ramasamy, I. (2020). Vitamin D metabolism and guidelines for vitamin D supplementation. Clinical Biochemist Reviews, 41(3), 103-126. https://doi.org/10.33176/aacb-20-00006

GCU NUR 641E Topic 2 Discussions and Assignment Topic 2 Content Lesson Presentation

REVIEW ASSIGNMENT

Points

167

Rubric

View Rubric

Status

Published

Assessment Description

Follow these steps:

Select a disease process and a drug class used to treat the disease process.
Describe pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug related to the pathophysiology of the disease process.
Describe the product, its intended use, side effects, adverse reactions, and safety issues.
Identify ethnic, cultural, and genetic differences in patients that may affect the safety or efficacy of medications.
How would you monitor the desired effect is achieved?

Be sure to include three to five references.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are not required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite.

Content Lesson Presentation – Rubric

Collapse All Content Lesson Presentation – Rubric

Disease Process and Drug Class

25.05 points

Criteria Description

Disease Process and Drug Class

Excellent

25.05 points

A disease process and drug class used to treat the disease process is present. GCU NUR 641E Topic 2 Discussions and Assignment

Good

23.05 points

A disease process and drug class used to treat the disease process is presented.

Satisfactory

22.04 points

A disease process and drug class used to treat the disease process is adequately presented.

Less than Satisfactory

20.04 points

A disease process and drug class used to treat the disease process is present, but incomplete or inaccurate.

Unsatisfactory

0 points

A disease process and drug class used to treat the disease process is not present.

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

25.05 points

Criteria Description

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

Excellent

25.05 points

A description of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug related to the pathophysiology of the disease process is presented in a thoughtful and insightful manner. Supporting material is of exceptional quality and quantity.

Good

23.05 points

A description of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug related to the pathophysiology of the disease process is adequately presented. Supporting material is of above average quality and quantity.

Satisfactory

22.04 points

A description of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug related to the pathophysiology of the disease process is adequately presented. Supporting material is of baseline acceptable quality and quantity.

Less than Satisfactory

20.04 points

A description of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug related to the pathophysiology of the disease process is present, but incomplete or inaccurate.

Unsatisfactory

0 points

A description of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug related to the pathophysiology of the disease process is not present.

Product

25.05 points

Criteria Description

Product

Excellent

25.05 points

A description of the product, intended use, side effects, adverse reactions, and safety issues is presented in a thoughtful and insightful manner. Supporting material is of exceptional quality and quantity.

Good

23.05 points

A description of the product, intended use, side effects, adverse reactions, and safety issues is adequately presented. Supporting material is of above average quality and quantity.

Satisfactory

22.04 points

A description of the product, intended use, side effects, adverse reactions, and safety issues is adequately presented. Supporting material is of baseline acceptable quality and quantity.

Less than Satisfactory

20.04 points

A description of the product, intended use, side effects, adverse reactions, and safety issues is present, but incomplete or inaccurate.

Unsatisfactory

0 points

A description of the product, intended use, side effects, adverse reactions, and safety issues is not present.

Ethnic, Cultural, and Genetic Differences

25.05 points

Criteria Description

Ethnic, Cultural, and Genetic Differences

Excellent

25.05 points

A description of ethnic, cultural and genetic differences in patients that may affect the safety or efficacy of medications is presented in a thoughtful and insightful manner. Supporting material is of exceptional quality and quantity.

Good

23.05 points

A description of ethnic, cultural and genetic differences in patients that may affect the safety or efficacy of medications is adequately presented. Supporting material is of above average quality and quantity.

Satisfactory

22.04 points

A description of ethnic, cultural and genetic differences in patients that may affect the safety or efficacy of medications is adequately presented. Supporting material is of baseline acceptable quality and quantity.

Less than Satisfactory

20.04 points

A description of ethnic, cultural and genetic differences in patients that may affect the safety or efficacy of medications is present, but incomplete or inaccurate.

Unsatisfactory

0 points

A description of ethnic, cultural and genetic differences in patients that may affect the safety or efficacy of medications is not present.

Monitor

25.05 points

Criteria Description

Monitor

Excellent

25.05 points

A description of how you would monitor the desired affect is presented in a thoughtful and insightful manner. Supporting material is of exceptional quality and quantity.

Good

23.05 points

A description of how you would monitor the desired affect is adequately presented. Supporting material is of above average quality and quantity. GCU NUR 641E Topic 2 Discussions and Assignment

Satisfactory

22.04 points

A description of how you would monitor the desired affect is of baseline acceptable quality and quantity.

Less than Satisfactory

20.04 points

A description of how you would monitor the desired affect is present, but incomplete or inaccurate.

Unsatisfactory

0 points

A description of how you would monitor the desired affect is achieved is not present.

Presentation of Content

8.35 points

Criteria Description

Presentation of Content

Excellent

8.35 points

The content is written clearly and concisely. Ideas universally progress and relate to each other. The project includes motivating questions and advanced organizers. The project gives the audience a clear sense of the main idea.

Good

7.68 points

The content is written with a logical progression of ideas and supporting information exhibiting a unity, coherence, and cohesiveness. Includes persuasive information from reliable sources.

Satisfactory

7.35 points

The presentation slides are generally competent, but ideas may show some inconsistency in organization or in their relationships to each other.

Less than Satisfactory

6.68 points

The content is vague in conveying a point of view and does not create a strong sense of purpose. Includes some persuasive information.

Unsatisfactory

0 points

The content lacks a clear point of view and logical sequence of information. Includes little persuasive information. Sequencing of ideas is unclear.

Layout

8.35 points

Criteria Description

Layout

Excellent

8.35 points

The layout is visually pleasing and contributes to the overall message with appropriate use of headings, subheadings, and white space. Text is appropriate in length for the target audience and to the point. The background and colors enhance the readability of the text.

Good

7.68 points

The layout background and text complement each other and enable the content to be easily read. The fonts are easy to read and point size varies appropriately for headings and text.

Satisfactory

7.35 points

The layout uses horizontal and vertical white space appropriately. Sometimes the fonts are easy to read, but in a few places the use of fonts, italics, bold, long paragraphs, color, or busy background detracts and does not enhance readability.

Less than Satisfactory

6.68 points

The layout shows some structure, but appears cluttered and busy or distracting with large gaps of white space or a distracting background. Overall readability is difficult due to lengthy paragraphs, too many different fonts, dark or busy background, overuse of bold, or lack of appropriate indentations of text.

Unsatisfactory

0 points

The layout is cluttered, confusing, and does not use spacing, headings, and subheadings to enhance the readability. The text is extremely difficult to read with long blocks of text, small point size for fonts, and inappropriate contrasting colors. Poor use of headings, subheadings, indentations, or bold formatting is evident. GCU NUR 641E Topic 2 Discussions and Assignment

Language Use and Audience Awareness (includes sentence construction, word choice, etc.)

8.35 points

Criteria Description

Language Use and Audience Awareness (includes sentence construction, word choice, etc.)

Excellent

8.35 points

The writer uses a variety of sentence constructions, figures of speech, and word choice in distinctive and creative ways that are appropriate to purpose, discipline, and scope.

Good

7.68 points

The writer is clearly aware of audience, uses a variety of appropriate vocabulary for the targeted audience, and uses figures of speech to communicate clearly.

Satisfactory

7.35 points

Language is appropriate to the targeted audience for the most part.

Less than Satisfactory

6.68 points

Some distracting inconsistencies in language choice (register) or word choice are present. The writer exhibits some lack of control in using figures of speech appropriately.

Unsatisfactory

0 points

Inappropriate word choice and lack of variety in language use are evident. Writer appears to be unaware of audience. Use of primer prose indicates writer either does not apply figures of speech or uses them inappropriately.

Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use)

8.35 points

Criteria Description

Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use)

Excellent

8.35 points

Writer is clearly in control of standard, written, academic English.

Good

7.68 points

Slides are largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present.

Satisfactory

7.35 points

Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the reader.

Less than Satisfactory

6.68 points

Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader.

Unsatisfactory

0 points

Slide errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning.

Documentation of Sources

8.35 points

Criteria Description

Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style)

Excellent

8.35 points

Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error.

Good

7.68 points

Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is mostly correct.

Satisfactory

7.35 points

Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, although some formatting errors may be present.

Less than Satisfactory

6.68 points

Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors. GCU NUR 641E Topic 2 Discussions and Assignment

Unsatisfactory

0 points

Sources are not documented.