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Walden University DDHA 8800 Classification and Clustering

Walden University DDHA 8800 Classification and Clustering

Walden University DDHA 8800 Classification and Clustering

DDHA 8800 Classification and Clustering

Part 1

Classification and Clustering

Classifying and clustering are important methods that may assist healthcare administrators in identifying specific issues or challenges in healthcare delivery or general management of a health services organization. For example, how would you determine if a patient is likely to pay on time, pay late, or not pay a bill? Using classification and clustering techniques can help administrators describe characteristics of their patients.

For this Discussion, review the resources for this week. Then, reflect on how you might apply classification and clustering techniques for your health services organization or one with which you are familiar.

Post a brief description of one of the techniques on classification and clustering examined this week. Explain how the technique you described might apply to your health services organization or one with which you are familiar. Be specific and provide examples. Walden University DDHA 8800 Classification and Clustering

Resources- given

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YRue69W-dYU

http://calcnet.mth.cmich.edu/org/spss/V16_materials/Video_Clips_v16/23logistic/23logistic.swf

Part 2

Assignment: K-Means Clustering

What is “k-means clustering,” and how might it help healthcare administration leaders in their health services organization?

One of the more common methods of clustering is the use of k-means, where “k” is the number of clusters that are meant to describe the population of interest. For example, what if you were interested in segmenting patients based on satisfaction levels? K-means clustering could be used in the same way to help describe this given population.

This technique might assist leaders in determining what characteristics need to be considered in order to study crime and unemployment. In striving to address the problem, k-means clustering is an effective tool for leadership to consider.

For this Assignment, review the resources for this week, and examine the k-means clustering approach. Reflect on how you might apply this approach to an issue or challenge in a health services organization. Then, complete the problems for the Assignment.

For Chapter 17, problem 21, you will need to download the file P17_21.xlsx

The Assignment: (3–5 pages)

  • Complete Problem 21 on page 938 of your course text.

Submit your answers and embedded analysis as a Microsoft Word management report.

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DDHA 8800 Walden University Classification and Clustering Discussion
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Metropolitan_Area Cost_Living Transportation Jobs Education Climate Crime Arts Health_Care Recreation Population_2000 Total_Violent Total_Property Crime_Trend Unemployment_Threat Past_Job_Growth Fcast_Future_Job_Growth Fcast_Blue_Collar_Jobs Fcast_White_Collar_Jobs Fcast_High_Jobs Fcast_Average_Jobs
Abilene, TX 96.32 36.54 17.28 49.29 55.52 49.58 27.2 45.04 2.83 123711 582 4396 Constant Average 6.1 4.5 345 3385 641 2234
Akron, OH 47.31 69.68 86.11 71.95 22.66 54.11 81.59 24.07 77.33 689538 518 4527 Constant Average 11.6 7.5 6363 24773 6728 18638
Albany, GA 86.12 28.02 32.01 26.62 75.63 15.59 33.15 20.11 6.79 120838 761 7036 Constant Average 6.6 7 460 4852 473 4603
Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY 25.22 82.71 52.97 99.43 8.78 73.94 79.61 77.33 77.62 885782 365 3531 Constant Below average 5.2 3.7 88 20043 1325 15233
Albuquerque, NM 44.48 84.13 90.65 71.67 78.18 2.84 75.36 77.9 70.25 734255 1133 7261 Constant Below average 21.4 8.1 5846 30750 8134 20712
Alexandria, LA 92.36 42.49 19.26 11.61 66 7.09 40.8 62.03 22.66 127635 1100 5581 Constant Below average 6.1 4.8 627 2687 768 1879
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA 33.72 66.57 29.46 63.45 47.3 89.81 58.08 63.45 47.87 616924 226 3153 Constant Average 4.7 3.2 -2473 13096 -551 9706
Altoona, PA 61.76 26.91 12.18 1.69 54.95 98.87 15.3 64.02 0 131388 162 2240 Constant Average 9.2 4.4 -171 3449 -74 2182
Amarillo, TX 96.89 60.05 28.32 54.1 39.66 28.62 35.13 64.58 30.59 212395 588 6646 Constant Average 16.6 4.4 502 5141 1169 3531
Anchorage, AK 15.87 84.41 76.48 41.35 71.1 24.93 29.47 5.09 6.23 263727 727 5808 Decreasing Below average 14.5 8 2780 11621 2473 8666
Ann Arbor, MI 7.37 15.86 77.33 83 32.57 70.26 67.99 94.33 83.28 554998 356 4078 Decreasing Average 11.6 6.1 3717 17070 3657 11902
Anniston, AL 93.21 7.08 7.64 21.81 62.32 22.95 4.54 29.74 13.88 118556 882 4607 Constant Average 6.6 3.4 97 2087 120 1135
Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, WI 54.4 70.82 79.32 47.3 4.24 97.74 50.71 54.1 86.4 352708 84 3247 Decreasing Above average 18.1 7.1 5036 12096 5248 9298
Asheville, NC 54.11 54.67 54.1 59.77 66.57 68.56 44.76 85.83 38.81 218552 372 4063 Constant Average 14.6 6.8 667 9009 1366 5471
Athens, GA 62.4 29.46 47.3 45.32 69.12 36.83 37.4 31.44 32.01 144889 551 6207 Constant Average 10.3 7.3 924 5864 1430 3814
Atlanta, GA 39.38 98.3 99.15 82.71 69.97 12.19 94.62 57.22 76.2 3807451 834 6787 Constant Below average 16.9 8.5 39133 176274 51718 114414
Atlantic City-Cape May, NJ 30.03 66.85 62.03 20.39 65.43 13.32 38.25 15.29 91.21 341541 717 7809 Decreasing Below average 4 5.6 867 11817 1835 10267
Augusta-Aiken, GA-SC 77.91 35.41 63.45 46.45 72.52 43.91 50.43 86.11 53.54 474398 592 4552 Constant Average 8 5.6 640 13824 1648 8473
Austin-San Marcos, TX 50.43 78.75 98.01 98.3 71.67 40.23 72.24 64.87 68.83 1149201 482 6557 Constant Average 29.9 12.3 11355 83887 18070 61768
Bakersfield, CA 24.65 50.7 85.55 18.69 96.88 24.08 18.99 19.54 30.87 654208 794 5286 Decreasing Above average 6.3 7.9 7862 17307 6013 8736
Baltimore, MD 22.38 94.9 75.92 94.05 69.68 3.97 95.47 86.4 84.98 2528739 1222 5860 Constant Below average 4.1 5.4 2758 79138 1497 66018
Bangor, ME 34.57 66.28 3.11 90.36 27.19 94.38 63.46 43.62 60.33 93703 87 3901 Constant Average -0.3 3.1 7 1445 34 1184
Barnstable-Yarmouth, MA 6.24 38.24 26.34 10.19 75.35 45.9 62.89 14.16 94.61 152930 722 3448 Decreasing Below average 7.4 6.5 333 4715 21 3715
Baton Rouge, LA 68.28 57.22 82.43 39.09 75.07 1.7 45.9 57.5 57.79 604025 1186 7759 Constant Average 18.1 8.7 2703 28631 2091 24563
Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX 93.46 41.92 36.26 30.02 64.87 22.1 24.65 38.81 49 380075 758 5887 Decreasing Above average 10.2 4.4 911 7767 1391 5582
Bellingham, WA 27.77 48.05 71.95 38.52 79.32 71.11 67.14 32.57 23.51 164563 229 5229 Constant Average 17.3 11.1 1386 9538 2183 6171
Benton Harbor, MI 45.61 45.6 7.08 25.49 10.76 13.6 47.88 28.04 71.67 161605 921 5757 Decreasing Above average 7.7 3.1 -218 3038 -191 2418
Bergen-Passaic, NJ 2.55 14.44 26.06 69.97 44.19 76.21 90.09 89.51 56.09 1337377 343 3404 Decreasing Average -2.9 1.5 -7601 19166 -2890 13603
Billings, MT 70.83 74.22 28.89 11.89 28.89 82.44 17.29 56.37 16.71 130916 106 5202 Constant Below average 20.4 6.2 655 4766 319 3766
Biloxi-Gulfport-Pascagoula, MS 74.79 36.82 77.9 1.13 82.71 41.36 31.17 48.72 82.43 356565 523 5953 Constant Average 24.5 8.1 1950 14571 2287 12400
Binghamton, NY 28.9 67.13 14.73 37.11 24.36 96.04 47.31 22.94 57.5 251438 169 2927 Constant Average -1.5 2.8 90 3860 1023 2749
Birmingham, AL 51.28 79.88 77.33 80.73 66.85 14.17 85.27 97.45 73.37 921945 942 5352 Decreasing Average 14.4 5.8 1251 31545 2734 23990
Bismarck, ND 83.86 33.42 35.12 37.39 13.03 95.19 37.97 82.71 41.92 95004 117 3533 Constant Below average 19.1 7.5 337 4628 954 3358
Bloomington, IN 63.74 17.64 28.04 35.97 19.54 82.16 79.33 37.96 45.32 121679 304 3228 Constant Average 18.7 5.9 437 4187 845 2715
Bloomington-Normal, IL 57.8 72.23 40.79 64.87 21.52 91.79 62.33 13.59 29.46 144879 177 3291 Constant Average 16 6.3 658 5588 1499 4149
Boise City, ID 54.96 67.42 91.78 61.75 85.26 71.96 75.64 60.33 46.17 408256 281 4569 Constant Above average 30.7 10.6 9087 19864 7563 15831
Boston, MA-NH 1.14 94.61 49 99.71 59.2 46.75 98.59 94.9 77.05 3296878 675 3858 Decreasing Below average -0.4 3.3 -3924 75558 -7205 66100
Boulder-Longmont, CO 15.02 12.74 75.35 45.04 61.47 74.23 69.98 61.75 46.17 271464 203 5149 Constant Average 26.5 7 3885 11644 3139 8187
Brazoria, TX 88.39 0.28 47.59 9.34 81.3 83.86 13.89 3.96 35.97 235492 291 3179 Constant Above average 6.7 6.4 1504 4874 2362 3035
Bremerton, WA 37.4 20.11 50.7 6.79 78.75 77.63 36.27 6.79 43.34 246036 274 3974 Constant Below average 9.5 7.4 783 8415 934 6557
Bridgeport, CT 13.89 34.84 9.34 57.79 60.33 47.6 77.91 67.42 62.32 445239 594 4620 Constant Average -3.2 2 -2752 7366 -2691 6641
Brockton, MA 12.19 3.68 18.98 35.69 48.72 47.88 36.55 1.69 52.12 254014 653 3987 Constant Average 3.8 4.6 435 4622 21 3448
Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito, TX 98.31 27.47 69.97 18.98 88.66 35.13 3.4 13.88 62.03 332385 577 6096 Constant Average 24 7.9 775 9449 3672 4206
Bryan-College Station, TX 91.51 31.72 50.42 32.29 73.65 48.73 33.72 41.64 28.89 137543 463 5697 Constant Below average 18.4 7.1 491 5648 2611 2561
Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY 41.36 86.11 50.99 92.63 19.26 39.95 93.49 81.58 89.51 1166581 696 4435 Constant Average 1.8 2.4 1122 14918 2077 10945
Burlington, VT 20.12 66 30.87 77.9 9.06 72.24 80.17 66.85 80.73 169145 183 5537 Constant Average 8.3 5.6 579 6138 164 5343
Canton-Massillon, OH 58.65 65.43 56.37 47.87 22.66 59.78 8.79 34.27 67.98 404836 451 4574 Constant Above average 5.9 4.8 2670 8469 2595 5729
Casper, WY 90.66 38.81 12.74 9.06 8.21 57.23 42.5 35.12 11.04 64821 359 5830 Constant Average 7.4 5.2 100 2147 163 1713
Cedar Rapids, IA 52.41 64.02 34.27 56.09 5.94 69.41 56.38 41.92 38.52 186710 253 5137 Constant Average 11.8 5.6 885 6770 550 5999
Champaign-Urbana, IL 66.29 73.93 35.97 60.33 28.04 46.18 56.1 71.67 31.72 169573 513 5526 Constant Average 6.4 5.4 1680 4691 1597 3795
Charleston, WV 64.59 73.37 33.14 62.6 51.27 72.81 52.41 83.28 19.26 256038 342 3909 Constant Below average 12.9 5.3 220 8212 196 7172
Charleston-North Charleston, SC 47.6 58.64 81.86 68.83 83.28 15.02 61.19 88.66 93.76 535689 882 5851 Constant Below average -9.5 8.7 1878 24516 2405 18528
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC 27.2 94.05 94.05 83.56 71.8 6.24 88.39 50.14 81.3 1413215 1069 6172 Constant Average 13.7 7.7 8415 64174 15370 41001
Charlottesville, VA 20.4 53.25 40.5 72.23 71.38 80.46 59.78 79.88 35.12 152105 270 3729 Constant Average 11.1 5.9 465 5665 1776 3780
Chattanooga, TN-GA 94.91 56.94 65.15 56.94 64.58 22.67 81.87 58.92 61.75 459565 836 5078 Constant Average 13.6 5.9 190 16582 1367 12601
Cheyenne, WY 85.84 37.96 11.33 12.46 40.22 84.99 25.78 22.37 5.94 80079 171 4277 Constant Below average 11.6 4 19 2088 513 1062
Chicago, IL 9.35 100 86.96 98.86 16.14 2.27 99.16 81.3 97.16 7864846 1386 5676 Constant Average 5.3 4.4 21442 195150 21334 170426
Chico-Paradise, CA 36.55 30.31 51.27 21.24 94.61 66.58 10.49 45.6 11.89 202151 381 4513 Constant Average 12.9 8.4 395 8214 856 7158
Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN 34.85 99.15 82.71 96.6 39.37 55.81 94.06 78.75 78.75 1641098 520 4378 Constant Average 9.8 5.5 5383 53040 7590 37845
Clarksville-Hopkinsville, TN-KY 100 13.03 57.22 27.76 31.16 29.47 37.12 2.54 12.74 205913 853 3873 Constant Average 19.7 6.8 1421 6225 2898 2853
Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria, OH 21.25 96.31 75.07 88.95 16.43 56.1 97.17 84.7 99.71 2228317 562 3872 Constant Average 3.4 3.4 8307 39609 9681 29002
Colorado Springs, CO 41.65 76.77 90.08 80.45 58.64 61.48 62.04 11.89 50.7 509836 363 5250 Constant Average 19.7 9.6 6765 24482 5034 19213
Columbia, MO 68.56 34.27 73.08 64.58 25.77 62.04 60.06 97.73 36.54 134314 399 4869 Constant Below average 18.3 10 1388 8660 4075 4271
Columbia, SC 64.03 63.73 88.95 92.35 68.27 9.92 64.31 73.65 69.4 533121 990 5809 Constant Below average 10.9 8 2238 27070 7251 17291
Columbus, GA-AL 80.17 45.04 39.37 38.24 76.77 55.53 47.03 40.5 42.77 279453 471 4881 Constant Average 6.4 5.4 630 8038 939 5852
Columbus, OH 28.62 91.21 86.4 95.18 44.75 34.28 92.64 58.35 81.86 1502584 606 5898 Constant Below average 13 5.9 3219 57358 7024 36337
Corpus Christi, TX 94.62 49.29 58.92 16.71 84.13 15.87 18.7 54.39 51.27 398896 681 7767 Constant Average 6.5 5.7 1227 10732 1609 8417
Cumberland, MD-WV 60.06 28.61 5.38 51.55 24.64 84.42 20.97 38.52 2.54 98418 351 2526 Constant Average 2.5 3.3 20 1551 76 1073
Dallas, TX 49.3 95.46 95.18 90.08 47.59 9.35 93.21 48.15 88.95 3277816 921 6715 Decreasing Average 13.7 6.8 21661 131183 29407 95754
Danbury, CT 2.84 3.39 3.96 17.28 37.67 96.61 23.23 41.35 15.29 200544 128 3131 Decreasing Average -3.2 2.3 -1115 3685 -1138 3393
Danville, VA 83.01 7.39 4.24 22.66 56.65 92.64 18.42 4.53 1.13 108666 227 2721 Increasing Above average 4.6 2.3 377 942 417 721
Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL 72.81 80.16 34.84 78.47 20.11 58.93 59.21 33.42 67.7 359260 480 4453 Constant Average 7.6 4.4 1032 8846 730 7278
Dayton-Springfield, OH 48.45 88.38 63.73 96.88 20.96 49.86 87.54 79.6 56.94 947067 530 4919 Constant Average 4.9 3.7 294 21509 2415 14674
Daytona Beach, FL 94.06 41.35 69.4 66.85 86.4 26.35 22.1 26.06 91.78 488292 760 5346 Constant Average 21.4 6.5 1603 10725 2947 5631
Decatur, IL 69.69 36.26 0.28 16.99 13.31 47.03 43.91 28.04 7.93 113808 568 4905 Constant Above average 3.8 1.3 -366 1315 -465 1287
Denver, CO 22.1 98.58 95.46 92.06 50.42 42.5 97.74 85.26 82.71 1993142 568 5333 Decreasing Below average 18 7.9 20492 91019 14457 77931
Des Moines, IA 50.15 78.18 68.83 96.31 8.49 63.46 60.34 39.37 67.42 447613 319 5505 Constant Below average 11.4 6.3 68 21506 1390 14265
Detroit, MI 14.74 98.86 80.73 70.53 30.02 17 95.19 49 96.6 4505455 885 5521 Decreasing Average 6.5 4.4 12850 98723 6796 85057
Dothan, AL 89.81 29.74 32.86 25.77 85.83 54.68 5.1 55.24 2.26 137822 573 3919 Constant Average 10.7 6 726 4468 1109 3246
Dover, DE 32.87 10.19 27.76 31.44 59.49 53.26 3.12 0.84 18.98 126932 556 4253 Constant Average 17.4 6.1 126 4172 817 2137
Dubuque, IA 63.46 54.39 8.78 80.16 3.11 92.07 46.75 24.92 19.54 88553 203 2994 Constant Above average 11.6 3.7 85 2257 122 1756
Duluth-Superior, MN-WI 45.33 52.4 19.83 85.83 1.41 87.82 74.23 88.1 90.93 239774 173 3834 Constant Average 12.8 3.9 227 5227 375 4239
Dutchess County, NY 4.25 23.22 30.59 65.43 43.05 81.31 48.16 48.44 60.9 266779 355 2797 Constant Average -10 5.9 -699 8370 -19 6754
Eau Claire, WI 44.2 45.32 66.57 49 3.39 95.47 42.78 90.36 35.41 147776 113 3571 Constant Average 15.1 9.4 1230 8001 1862 5020
El Paso, TX 95.47 70.25 86.68 30.59 82.15 11.62 54.11 19.83 42.49 733504 858 6875 Constant Average 18.2 7.7 1694 22927 7689 13642
Elkhart-Goshen, IN 84.71 16.14 43.05 23.51 2.83 59.21 40.23 4.24 3.68 173753 465 4561 Constant Above average 17.1 4.7 3562 3086 3892 1739
Elmira, NY 31.45 63.45 1.41 17.56 29.17 83.57 31.45 25.21 11.61 92846 242 3684 Constant Above average 2.6 1 62 462 196 169
Enid, OK 90.37 26.06 2.26 3.96 30.87 26.92 11.34 33.71 1.69 56720 638 6400 Decreasing Average 8.4 3.1 142 958 -43 921
Erie, PA 56.66 60.9 20.11 70.25 24.07 82.72 38.82 54.95 75.35 280282 309 3119 Constant Above average 7.1 3.4 421 5032 615 3886
Eugene-Springfield, OR 42.21 59.77 57.79 61.18 79.6 60.06 51 53.54 41.35 321288 309 5952 Constant Average 11.8 6.1 967 10542 1370 8666
Evansville-Henderson, IN-KY 85.56 65.15 27.47 57.5 39.09 56.38 75.08 81.86 27.19 293236 538 4095 Constant Above average 14.3 4.1 630 7101 432 6304
Fargo-Moorhead, ND-MN 87.54 41.64 67.42 59.2 10.19 94.91 82.16 81.01 47.02 173825 85 3855 Decreasing Below average 18 8.8 559 10603 1458 6937
Fayetteville, NC 78.19 42.77 60.62 29.74 64.02 10.77 48.45 17.84 17.28 291439 844 7132 Decreasing Below average 14.8 5.8 792 9650 2381 5834
Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR 72.53 50.14 91.21 39.37 49.29 90.66 64.59 46.17 52.97 285475 176 3630 Constant Above average 28.2 12.5 6878 17568 6955 10655
Fitchburg-Leominster, MA 14.17 4.53 2.83 34.27 41.07 51.85 17.85 35.97 31.44 142191 646 3486 Constant Average -0.7 2.9 -219 1883 -324 1539
Flagstaff, AZ-UT 29.75 25.21 63.17 28.89 74.5 51 24.08 25.49 21.24 124306 386 6185 Constant Below average 13.1 11.4 452 7680 1462 4616
Flint, MI 24.93 58.92 19.54 43.34 27.76 7.37 43.63 27.47 40.5 436446 1040 6130 Decreasing Above average 2.9 3 -397 7328 -713 6736
Florence, AL 84.42 17.56 21.81 37.96 45.6 88.96 8.22 39.94 40.22 140291 253 2919 Constant Above average 17.2 5 406 3429 670 1801
Florence, SC 78.76 33.14 47.87 24.92 81.58 12.47 5.95 70.82 1.98 127602 958 5523 Decreasing Average 8.8 7.7 -86 6277 1596 2587
Fort Collins-Loveland, CO 32.3 13.31 79.88 34.56 46.74 86.12 39.67 47.02 26.06 242111 213 3647 Constant Above average 27.1 9.7 3958 10940 2815 7765
Fort Lauderdale, FL 33.43 81.58 93.48 48.44 90.93 7.65 87.82 62.88 84.13 1533988 889 7567 Constant Below average 18.1 7.7 8331 54554 13179 36226
Fort Myers-Cape Coral, FL 86.97 75.35 85.26 2.83 92.91 39.38 45.33 33.99 93.2 409546 617 5282 Constant Below average 20.5 9.5 2336 17672 4529 10789
Fort Pierce-Port St. Lucie, FL 69.98 0.84 60.9 7.08 91.5 29.75 30.03 15.86 86.96 314593 720 5198 Constant Average 13.1 7.8 1524 8708 1365 4951
Fort Smith, AR-OK 81.59 40.22 64.3 7.36 43.34 68.28 21.53 53.82 31.16 198623 357 4353 Constant Above average 20.5 6.9 2774 5962 3521 3895
Fort Walton Beach, FL 53.26 43.05 55.52 5.09 76.48 75.64 10.2 20.96 70.82 173673 357 3381 Constant Below average 18.8 9 591 9263 647 6216
Fort Wayne, IN 83.57 65.72 56.09 79.88 13.88 70.83 83.57 50.7 66.85 486909 313 4405 Constant Above average 14.2 4.1 1055 12752 2075 9700
Fort Worth-Arlington, TX 74.23 92.63 98.58 66.57 47.59 20.4 85.56 29.46 73.08 1637606 743 6468 Decreasing Average 15.2 10.8 20403 82598 26660 57843
Fresno, CA 40.23 69.12 87.25 51.84 93.76 5.95 33.43 30.02 27.47 903664 1015 7075 Decreasing Above average 10.5 7.4 9665 24871 6866 17311
Gasden, AL 91.22 4.24 3.11 8.49 60.9 15.3 30.6 24.64 8.21 106167 934 5316 Increasing Above average 14.7 3.2 -528 2126 -480 1813
Gainesville, FL 67.99 55.52 69.68 50.14 84.41 0.85 58.65 96.31 59.77 205110 1228 8647 Constant Below average 16.7 8.2 439 11289 2003 8576
Galveston-Texas City, TX 73.94 1.98 59.49 43.62 83 17.57 22.95 55.8 45.6 255296 790 6430 Decreasing Below average 8.8 6.5 -76 7852 3338 2105
Gary, IN 46.18 19.26 37.11 63.17 7.08 18.7 12.75 42.2 54.39 634616 929 4817 Increasing Average 8.3 4.4 629 13578 -169 11499
Glens Falls, NY 22.92 6.23 1.98 15.01 3.68 79.04 32.02 36.82 63.73 123794 363 2879 Constant Average 6.4 2.3 -101 1620 68 1238
Goldsboro, NC 75.64 6.51 11.04 8.21 61.18 33.15 7.09 2.83 0.84 114186 704 5014 Decreasing Average 3.3 4.1 18 2433 345 1528
Grands Fork, ND-MN 71.68 37.67 21.24 56.37 11.61 92.36 68.56 53.25 44.47 103531 113 3872 Constant Below average -5.1 5.3 344 3453 485 2388
Grand Junction, CO 41.93 51.55 32.29 18.13 74.22 71.68 26.63 77.62 10.48 115327 255 4840 Constant Average 19.8 7.4 1048 3834 547 3205
Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI 52.7 77.33 90.36 79.32 6.79 56.95 77.06 27.19 99.43 1059044 504 4403 Decreasing Above average 14.4 7.2 11088 38666 12642 23848
Great Falls, MT 76.49 58.35 2.54 2.54 16.71 64.31 15.02 30.59 9.34 79681 173 6905 Constant Below average 11.1 3 -101 1594 -47 1200
Greeley, CO 58.36 11.61 36.26 34.84 33.14 66.86 43.06 9.06 20.39 161563 297 5174 Constant Above average 21.5 6.6 1551 4169 1199 3269
Green Bay, WI 39.95 60.33 68.55 62.88 10.48 85.84 39.1 18.13 41.92 221728 216 3643 Decreasing Above average 23.2 7.3 1950 10081 2058 8880
Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point, NC 32.58 85.83 84.41 88.1 80.73 35.42 73.38 72.23 85.83 1187143 643 5436 Decreasing Above average 11 6.1 5972 43644 7112 33393
Greenville, NC 58.93 26.62 70.25 41.92 58.35 17.29 6.24 73.08 14.44 128121 770 6655 Constant Average 13.2 10.8 1090 7531 4071 3053
Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC 58.08 75.92 85.83 74.5 74.78 16.15 67.43 55.52 72.52 933016 960 4972 Constant Above average 11.5 6.5 5942 32468 7679 19555
Hagerstown, MD 76.78 31.44 17.56 11.04 41.64 89.52 35.42 7.08 22.37 129890 306 2357 Constant Average 11.5 4.9 317 3375 394 2412
Hamilton-Middletown, OH 39.1 6.79 68.27 60.9 29.46 44.76 51.85 5.66 30.02 344292 562 5110 Constant Average 15.6 7.6 1173 10369 1960 5561
Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle, PA 48.73 77.62 81.3 73.93 56.37 79.61 46.18 69.4 61.47 636375 344 3069 Decreasing Average 6.9 6.7 3154 26868 5238 19990
Hartford, CT 11.9 87.81 35.41 91.21 41.35 58.36 93.77 66.28 75.07 1149141 490 4395 Decreasing Average -6.4 3.2 -6601 24361 -6310 19431
Hattiesburg, MS 81.87 20.39 22.94 52.4 55.24 48.16 70.26 69.12 39.37 112810 515 5307 Constant Average 15.7 5.4 121 3145 1108 1470
Hickory-Morganton-Lenoir, NC 60.63 24.64 56.37 32.57 70.25 73.09 32.3 34.84 55.8 325102 356 3766 Constant Above average 12.4 4.9 1646 9031 2434 4480
Honolulu, HI 0.57 78.47 66.28 86.96 98.58 62.33 90.37 62.32 92.91 884956 259 6219 Constant Below average 1.2 4.2 1837 22624 2473 17692
Houma, LA 84.99 0 22.94 5.94 79.03 62.89 0 22.09 83 193996 533 3419 Constant Average 11.5 4.5 1279 2803 1234 1599
Houston, TX 59.5 94.33 94.9 71.1 80.45 24.65 89.81 65.43 85.26 4008119 763 5500 Constant Above average 6.3 6.7 29007 131037 38249 86208
Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH 74.51 41.07 30.31 67.13 57.22 90.37 35.7 63.17 48.72 314783 238 3013 Constant Average 7.4 4.6 218 6908 639 4848
Huntsville, AL 67.71 51.84 67.98 89.51 53.25 43.35 60.63 45.32 63.45 343802 576 5174 Constant Above average 11 6 1688 11245 2724 7434
Indianapolis, IN 55.53 93.2 84.7 83.85 23.51 31.17 96.04 88.95 82.15 1545986 698 5258 Constant Average 11.5 5.9 2614 57661 6913 39824
Iowa City, IA 43.91 22.66 47.02 42.2 7.64 77.91 57.23 95.75 43.9 107168 343 3274 Constant Below average 13.5 6.9 872 4778 2210 2364
Jackson, MI 57.23 8.78 16.14 10.48 21.81 42.78 26.35 1.98 50.14 157144 710 3873 Constant Above average 8.1 4.4 287 3082 770 2006
Jackson, MS 86.41 67.98 77.05 69.68 49.85 21.53 49.58 92.63 55.52 439450 673 6960 Decreasing Below average 16.7 6.3 2465 15454 3892 10941
Jackson, TN 99.16 30.59 49.85 52.69 35.12 3.4 27.48 79.32 4.53 102566 1143 6743 Constant Above average 21.9 7.9 1369 4201 2208 2841
Jacksonville, FL 71.39 81.86 91.5 44.75 86.11 1.99 78.19 71.38 94.05 1086690 1248 7073 Constant Below average 5.8 8.2 3426 52152 4976 42083
Jacksonville, NC 82.72 30.87 22.37 0.84 66.28 78.76 4.25 1.13 37.67 144512 269 3896 Constant Below average 13.2 4.7 467 3722 761 1764
Jamestown, NY 38.25 27.19 0.84 53.54 14.44 86.97 75.93 8.49 72.23 140084 221 3427 Decreasing Above average 4.2 1.5 -215 1344 -129 1022
Janesville-Beloit, WI 53.83 17.28 29.17 37.67 9.63 75.36 59.5 16.71 37.96 153306 221 4745 Constant Above average 11.5 4.9 1319 2952 1663 2277
Jersey City, NJ 5.39 9.91 16.43 40.22 76.2 8.79 71.11 38.24 16.14 547753 1053 5475 Decreasing Below average -1 2.4 -4532 11376 -2620 6713
Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA 97.46 49.57 49.57 67.42 64.3 90.94 42.21 75.07 49.29 467061 256 2781 Increasing Above average 14.5 4.7 1624 10945 1317 8778
Johnstown, PA 56.95 37.39 21.52 33.99 20.39 100 19.84 52.69 35.69 236001 179 1503 Constant Average 6 4.7 -63 5515 47 3781
Joplin, MO 87.82 32.86 60.33 35.41 31.44 77.34 4.82 11.04 10.19 151975 222 4523 Constant Above average 18.8 7.4 2537 4910 2839 3105
Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, MI 56.38 61.47 60.05 75.35 14.37 32.58 65.16 47.59 87.81 454942 689 5202 Constant Above average 13.5 5.1 883 12924 1696 8996
Kankakee, IL 45.05 5.94 33.42 26.34 18.98 19.55 3.97 11.33 18.69 102904 824 5780 Constant Above average 14.4 7.3 1244 2932 1283 2220
Kansas City, MO-KS 47.03 93.76 87.81 96.03 26.91 4.82 89.24 67.7 87.25 1759224 1129 6322 Constant Average 10.1 5.7 8587 56794 11610 43575
Kenosha, WI 41.08 9.63 27.19 55.24 30.31 78.19 34.57 3.39 49.57 148199 254 4155 Constant Average 14.7 6.9 53 4413 322 3288
Killeen-Temple, TX 96.61 31.16 44.47 41.64 52.4 65.44 1.7 44.75 20.96 311803 429 4149 Constant Below average 14.5 5.1 642 8061 1799 4460
Knoxville, TN 88.11 69.97 88.38 81.58 57.5 30.32 66.01 86.68 86.11 681865 740 4972 Constant Average 20.3 8.2 5758 29789 3635 23886
Kokomo, IN 77.34 11.89 3.11 40.5 15.58 76.49 52.7 18.41 12.46 100812 332 3505 Constant Above average 12.9 2.5 -351 1970 75 1331
La Crosse, WI-MN 49.86 52.97 31.72 82.15 20.67 94.62 41.93 75.92 44.19 124563 108 3637 Constant Average 17 5.9 408 4854 1029 3551
Lafayette, IN 69.41 49.85 45.32 49.85 23.22 81.87 46.46 13.03 37.11 176733 232 3977 Constant Above average 16.5 5.8 1479 5121 2368 3461
Lafayette, LA 90.09 44.47 68.83 31.72 72.23 57.51 23.8 33.14 52.69 379456 528 4112 Constant Above average 14.4 6 3126 9041 3846 5498
Lake Charles, LA 84.14 35.12 34.56 10.76 68.83 11.34 11.62 46.45 16.43 183364 902 6502 Constant Above average 13.5 6 643 5518 875 3872
Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL 73.09 8.49 53.54 53.25 86.68 5.67 2.27 20.67 87.53 460634 940 7845 Constant Average 15.1 4.7 362 10190 2605 6069
Lancaster, PA 36.83 40.5 57.5 39.94 50.7 95.76 68.28 31.16 37.39 466773 185 2802 Constant Above average 4 4.3 1978 10011 3327 5738
Lansing-East Lansing, MI 45.9 70.53 61.18 64.3 11.04 52.13 49.01 26.91 65.15 453992 519 4754 Constant Average 10.1 4.7 2492 11010 2389 8476
Laredo, TX 99.72 46.74 72.8 8.78 91.78 25.5 1.99 2.26 0.56 199698 633 6673 Constant Below average 45.5 12.1 2721 6683 3720 3432
Las Cruces, NM 69.13 32.01 45.04 31.16 58.92 52.98 30.32 0.56 23.22 176926 469 5162 Constant Average 14.4 8.5 507 5605 1224 3462
Las Vegas, NV-AZ 38.53 87.53 99.71 16.43 87.81 16.72 50.15 24.36 95.18 1384481 841 6061 Constant Below average 28.7 16.5 24288 117302 21766 90858
Lawrence, KS 75.36 11.33 22.66 71.38 26.06 48.45 24.93 5.38 38.24 95114 389 6462 Constant Average 15.5 5.6 201 3024 927 1297
Lawrence, MA-NH 11.34 5.38 39.09 33.71 40.5 58.08 0.85 18.98 50.99 384762 506 4237 Constant Average 1.1 4.8 1443 8225 916 5579
Lawton, OK 89.24 24.92 17.56 13.31 34.84 30.6 1.42 16.43 4.24 113903 732 5014 Constant Below average 7.1 4.5 224 2704 1133 1585
Lewiston-Auburn, ME 26.63 15.01 8.49 44.19 33.42 91.51 9.92 36.54 20.11 91156 129 3854 Constant Average 3.4 4.2 -113 2038 -177 1917
Lexington, KY 59.21 73.08 82.15 93.48 44.47 36.27 55.81 98.01 60.05 459021 683 4987 Constant Above average 14.4 7.3 5825 17937 6649 12808
Lima, OH 78.48 18.13 7.93 35.12 19.83 20.97 49.86 21.24 25.21 155899 949 4343 Constant Above average 6.2 2.9 -332 3057 114 2288
Lincoln, NE 64.31 68.27 70.53 88.38 14.16 39.1 69.13 76.77 40.79 243417 496 6502 Constant Average 13.2 7 1925 10752 3112 7836
Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR 63.18 76.2 79.03 77.33 49 3.69 43.35 92.35 68.27 567511 1098 7175 Decreasing Average 17.5 6 3388 19698 5234 14429
Long Island, NY 2.27 63.17 67.13 52.97 81.86 87.54 72.81 99.15 99.15 2671294 243 3156 Decreasing Below average -1.1 3.5 -5312 55942 1930 34837
Longview-Marshall, TX 96.04 23.51 56.94 45.6 53.54 42.21 14.74 13.31 21.52 213782 582 5266 Decreasing Above average 14.4 6.7 2253 6078 2402 3903
Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA 5.67 93.48 48.15 77.05 99.15 1.14 99.44 67.98 92.63 9220312 1505 4993 Decreasing Average -6.5 2.3 -24895 144997 -9930 124329
Louisville, KY-IN 51 90.08 80.16 85.55 47.02 51.56 80.46 87.81 80.45 1010464 582 4161 Constant Average 13.8 5.7 5503 32166 6523 22870
Lowell, MA-NH 14.45 2.83 13.31 12.18 37.96 60.63 56.95 37.39 58.35 293801 590 3030 Decreasing Average -1.4 2.8 -927 6519 -1213 6214
Lubbock, TX 88.96 62.88 38.52 54.95 45.32 32.02 16.15 91.21 24.92 233678 650 5636 Constant Below average 10.2 5.2 370 7445 1343 5146
Lynchburg, VA 75.08 43.9 25.77 76.2 77.33 80.74 20.68 28.89 48.15 210578 365 2774 Decreasing Above average 9.1 4.4 742 4787 938 3093
Macon, GA 71.11 29.17 35.69 76.48 58.07 41.65 15.87 71.67 53.82 322398 507 6076 Constant Average -9 5.5 -119 10440 -554 9596
Madison, WI 18.14 73.65 79.6 92.91 4.81 74.79 79.04 90.93 62.88 41350 276 4243 Constant Average 17.1 6.1 3378 17044 6948 10438
Manchester, NH 23.23 47.59 26.91 79.03 2.54 85.27 44.2 12.74 49.85 188757 145 4408 Constant Average 4.1 5.1 609 5145 439 3728
Mansfield, OH 59.78 16.71 38.24 16.14 9.91 34.57 55.53 15.01 15.58 175478 749 4443 Constant Above average 4.1 5.4 1915 3647 2407 2124
McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX 98.59 32.29 88.1 3.68 78.47 35.7 12.47 12.46 22.94 547433 545 6396 Constant Average 24.1 10.4 1629 17560 6431 7355
Medford-Ashland, OR 42.78 47.87 62.6 7.64 89.23 64.59 39.95 40.22 13.03 181704 343 5170 Constant Average 19 9.1 1496 7658 1395 5833
Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay, FL 83.29 23.79 58.92 61.47 92.35 26.63 58.36 23.51 91.5 477944 724 5640 Constant Average 13.9 5.4 1729 10844 1633 7407
Memphis, TN-AR-MS 77.06 92.91 92.35 67.7 40.79 5.1 70.54 80.73 75.92 1116341 1100 6542 Constant Below average 6.5 7.4 11312 42708 13463 33929
Merced, CA 31.73 22.94 31.16 0 94.9 50.43 6.52 8.21 9.06 204463 545 4720 Constant Above average -5.2 5.6 803 3783 1523 1723
Miami, FL 35.13 90.65 83.85 73.65 91.21 0 89.52 96.88 89.8 2089376 1957 10534 Constant Average 7.9 5.3 4593 58342 14167 47501
Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon, NJ 5.1 18.98 64.58 73.37 50.14 87.26 90.66 74.78 53.25 1128973 240 3206 Decreasing Average 10.5 5.9 -1427 43668 181 35252
Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI 16.72 96.6 65.72 95.75 15.29 53.55 92.92 84.98 98.86 1467865 477 5014 Constant Average 9 4.7 2438 44565 1276 37812
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI 21.53 97.45 94.61 95.46 4.53 62.61 98.02 93.2 96.03 2909888 397 4827 Constant Average 16 6.9 17876 125439 27535 98568
Mobile, AL 64.88 51.27 74.22 60.62 67.42 7.94 47.6 60.9 92.06 549628 1037 5946 Decreasing Average 18.8 7 3295 16475 1971 14504
Modesto, CA 29.47 21.24 43.9 4.53 95.75 16.44 22.38 30.87 8.78 444155 840 6144 Decreasing Above average 9.9 4.7 1290 7815 1927 5408
Monmouth-Ocean, NJ 11.62 12.18 54.95 59.49 71.95 86.41 87.26 43.34 84.7 1105377 241 3312 Decreasing Below average 8.8 3.8 -707 19004 1487 11172
Monroe, LA 87.26 56.37 45.6 24.07 43.9 10.2 26.07 64.3 17.84 149390 902 6682 Increasing Average 9.9 7.4 552 5823 1449 4129
Montgomery, AL 60.34 50.42 44.19 74.22 73.08 33.72 61.48 59.49 33.42 330269 687 5110 Constant Average 15.7 5.7 538 10740 521 8933
Muncie, AL 62.89 18.69 18.41 54.39 37.39 63.74 11.9 35.69 26.91 117849 494 3724 Constant Average 16 4.8 86 3423 610 2585
Myrtle Beach, SC 42.5 60.62 76.77 12.74 62.6 4.25 17 10.76 83.85 181343 951 8509 Constant Below average 18.2 11.2 2298 11140 1854 7294
Naples, FL 20.68 35.69 76.2 13.88 92.06 31.73 29.18 21.81 52.4 207115 704 5124 Increasing Average 20.9 10.9 2388 11240 1726 7467
Nashua, NH 13.04 1.13 15.29 47.59 1.69 99.72 23.52 8.78 32.86 183795 67 2712 Constant Average 4.1 4.1 200 4456 92 3492
Nashville, TN 67.14 88.95 93.76 84.13 42.49 8.22 78.48 86.96 81.59 1186108 1026 6023 Constant Average 21.3 7.8 9558 56792 12152 38350
New Bedford, MA 20.97 32.57 9.06 6.51 65.72 26.07 34 0 47.59 178612 885 4099 Constant Above average 3.9 3.6 -320 3287 -439 1777
New Haven-Meriden, CT 13.6 42.2 11.61 90.65 60.33 37.68 86.41 60.05 60.62 524855 624 5411 Constant Average -4.9 2.2 -2780 7862 -2512 6464
New London-Norwich, CT-RI 8.79 20.67 18.13 53.82 38.81 90.09 68.84 14.73 55.24 290139 256 2842 Constant Average 1.9 4 -991 7117 -1175 6162
New Orleans, LA 54.68 84.98 74.78 75.07 75.92 1.42 83.86 91.5 100 1325345 1261 7115 Constant Below average 7.2 4.6 1907 33519 5518 22928
New York, NY 0 99.43 41.92 94.61 70.53 0.57 100 92.06 92.35 8603992 1635 5171 Decreasing Below average -5.7 1.3 -40678 102886 -20001 72912
Newark, NJ 3.97 96.03 32.57 93.76 60.05 18.14 96.61 88.38 76.48 1944061 941 4806 Decreasing Below average -3 1.5 -12596 30098 -7383 19210
Newburgh, NY-PA 6.8 48.72 46.74 29.46 49.57 79.33 0.57 18.41 50.42 374504 357 2934 Decreasing Below average 4.9 5.4 -389 9485 1656 4486
Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC 44.76 81.3 83 86.68 69.4 43.63 84.42 23.79 98.58 1585776 560 5279 Constant Below average 3 5.5 6289 46316 8257 32688
Oakland, CA 3.69 72.8 87.53 84.41 97.16 13.04 96.32 56.94 83.56 2347638 913 5856 Constant Below average 0.2 5.6 7224 65723 8822 48241
Ocala, FL 97.74 1.69 43.62 0.56 83.85 10.49 7.94 4.81 20.67 248325 1015 5488 Constant Average 24.5 6.2 764 5762 1747 2590
Odessa-Midland, TX 95.19 53.82 18.69 19.83 54.1 34 15.87 7.36 12.18 246361 566 6324 Constant Above average 8.1 3.2 884 3519 1087 1583
Oklahoma City, OK 82.44 74.78 72.23 93.2 34.56 18.42 76.21 63.73 77.9 1050216 696 7196 Decreasing Average 2.7 4.5 4282 25572 6631 18732
Olympia, WA 36.27 13.88 73.93 29.17 77.9 81.59 88.96 31.72 25.77 212044 204 4304 Constant Below average 19.5 9.3 1116 9970 3255 5718
Omaha, NE-IA 51.56 85.55 84.13 87.81 12.46 41.93 82.44 94.61 79.88 712460 645 4692 Constant Below average 9.8 7.2 3763 33198 4316 24181
Orange County, CA 0.85 72.52 95.75 77.62 98.3 56.66 86.97 82.15 81.01 2778415 494 4497 Decreasing Average 2.4 7.8 15744 122057 18604 82595
Orlando, FL 70.54 87.25 97.45 55.8 87.53 6.52 78.76 57.79 97.73 1574284 1021 6580 Constant Below average 18.3 10.8 11396 94192 16539 64643
Owensboro, KY 79.04 30.02 15.58 26.06 41.92 89.24 13.32 21.52 18.41 93087 179 3643 Constant Above average 16.8 4.8 347 2286 742 1585
Panama City, FL 65.44 43.34 44.75 11.33 84.7 30.03 9.64 12.18 66.28 154135 637 6027 Constant Below average 12.8 8.4 238 6962 632 4313
Parkersburg-Marietta, WV-OH 81.31 34.56 13.88 49.57 55.8 99.16 41.08 16.99 33.71 150830 127 2550 Constant Above average 8.2 4.3 275 3514 359 2805
Pensacola, FL 80.46 64.3 74.5 9.63 85.55 12.75 17.57 56.65 75.63 417800 987 5196 Decreasing Below average 9.8 8.3 1834 15334 1525 11035
Peoria-Pekin, IL 71.96 57.79 55.24 58.92 18.69 52.41 66.86 39.66 71.1 350446 556 4303 Constant Average 10.2 5.5 729 11282 1464 7577
Philadelphia, PA-NJ 10.2 95.75 78.18 89.8 56.94 45.33 98.31 85.55 74.78 4966257 681 3896 Constant Average 0.7 3 7435 75942 9780 63507
Phoenix-Mesa, AZ 37.68 89.51 100 84.98 94.33 20.68 86.69 51.55 94.9 3034464 702 6828 Constant Average 17.8 11.2 28849 172956 42088 100662
Pine Bluff, AR 81.02 8.21 7.36 7.93 52.97 2.55 11.05 39.09 5.09 82727 1309 5717 Increasing Above average 5.2 3.7 118 4539 328 1250
Pittsburgh, PA 38.82 99.71 62.88 60.05 48.15 84.14 90.94 94.05 78.18 2361710 342 2652 Constant Average 4.2 3.9 1746 50496 1103 41479
Pittsfield, MA 22.67 19.54 0.56 4.81 22.37 86.69 69.41 30.31 48.44 84478 324 2403 Decreasing Average -4.3 2 -504 1066 -509 990
Portland, ME 49.01 71.95 36.82 89.23 45.04 75.93 58.93 75.35 85.55 77353 224 4661 Constant Below average 2.7 5.6 717 8666 394 7631
Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA 10.77 88.1 98.86 96.88 67.13 32.87 91.51 65.15 86.68 1888819 641 5667 Constant Average 18.3 10 26838 96003 24730 71946
Portsmouth-Rochester, NH-ME 15.59 2.54 48.44 70.82 17.28 98.31 57.8 17.28 63.17 241120 83 3194 Constant Average 14.1 7.2 1566 6977 1086 4557
Providence-Fall River-Warwick, RI-MA 18.7 83 23.51 88.66 54.67 67.99 77.63 47.3 79.32 1088433 379 4145 Constant Average -1 1.9 -2886 12949 -3417 12560
Provo-Orem, UT 48.16 11.04 89.51 50.99 57.79 91.22 54.4 3.68 56.65 359164 114 4129 Increasing Average 28.6 13 6144 18441 3623 15250
Pueblo, CO 75.93 28.89 26.62 17.84 38.52 6.8 32.87 58.64 11.33 134452 1153 5242 Decreasing Average 11.6 6.7 538 4023 267 2843
Punta Gorda, FL 61.19 3.11 58.07 0.28 90.08 88.39 7.65 23.22 67.13 144605 252 2993 Constant Below average 22.6 13.9 883 6550 1250 3781
Racine, WI 24.37 9.06 13.03 5.38 12.18 58.65 38.53 7.64 54.67 188391 449 4790 Constant Above average 7 4.1 -19 4156 -78 3814
Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, NC 13.32 92.06 96.88 100 70.82 40.8 86.12 93.48 72.8 1114141 569 5539 Constant Average 24.8 10.1 10185 68585 17156 41176
Rapid City, SD 86.69 54.95 29.74 22.37 26.62 65.16 9.07 51.27 19.83 90805 319 5269 Constant Below average 14.9 7.1 408 4253 404 2961
Reading, PA 27.48 48.44 30.02 46.17 32.29 75.08 27.77 26.62 51.84 359189 371 3283 Increasing Above average 2 3.2 1318 5333 1499 3714
Redding, CA 46.75 43.62 49.29 18.41 92.63 55.25 5.67 43.05 15.86 169879 516 4471 Increasing Average 9.8 8 809 6132 1255 4288
Reno, NV 28.33 86.4 61.75 48.72 88.1 45.61 51.28 66 70.53 317545 510 5575 Decreasing Average 13.7 5.5 2642 9507 2044 7364
Richland-Kennewick-Pasco, WA 72.24 61.18 55.8 1.98 89.51 67.43 20.12 10.19 28.32 192843 311 4901 Constant Average 20.9 8.6 1851 7278 963 5492
Richmond-Petersburg, VA 32.02 80.45 84.98 58.07 63.45 46.46 77.34 83.85 74.5 969641 553 5089 Constant Average 9.5 6.4 4512 37434 8131 26758
Riverside-San Bernardino, CA 23.52 79.6 99.43 56.65 97.73 13.89 92.07 31.72 96.88 3234161 927 5696 Decreasing Average 13.3 10 19920 106339 29812 59137
Roanoke, VA 62.33 67.7 43.34 68.27 73.37 73.38 51.56 90.08 39.66 232642 311 4141 Constant Average 8.5 5.2 788 8377 1428 5967
Rochester, MN 35.7 47.3 23.51 36.82 1.13 92.92 52.98 89.23 9.91 119373 154 3426 Constant Average 13.7 5.2 298 4515 445 3578
Rochester, NY 28.05 82.15 62.32 98.58 34.27 71.39 83.29 73.37 98.3 1095210 316 4338 Constant Above average 5.8 2.9 1708 17733 3313 13361
Rockford, IL 56.1 52.12 33.99 15.29 12.74 24.37 44.48 54.67 44.75 361633 665 6494 Constant Above average 10.1 4.1 1352 7694 1047 7299
Rocky Mount, NC 65.73 22.09 24.07 22.09 63.17 35.98 22.67 9.63 0.28 149063 623 5593 Decreasing Above average 8.4 4.5 373 3420 1438 1469
Sacramento, CA 25.5 79.03 96.03 55.52 94.05 22.38 74.79 59.2 74.22 1584266 735 6102 Decreasing Below average 6 8.8 9403 70338 18141 48007
Saginaw-Bay City-Midland, MI 66.58 54.1 37.96 65.72 17.56 37.4 57.51 46.74 68.55 404499 735 4311 Decreasing Above average 9.1 4.6 749 9667 748 7302
St. Cloud, MN 40.8 50.99 52.4 41.07 18.13 98.02 84.99 37.11 56.37 384000 98 3079 Constant Above average 22.6 6.9 1417 6432 1814 4493
St. Joseph, MO 82.16 16.43 1.69 38.81 13.59 64.88 55.25 9.34 7.08 96917 364 4935 Constant Average 3.3 2.3 -404 1707 -121 1108
St. Louis, MO-IL 50.71 97.73 71.38 99.15 28.61 23.23 94.91 66.57 90.36 2584538 836 4961 Constant Average 7.4 4 2838 61014 2623 56054
Salem, OR 35.98 14.73 73.65 62.03 80.16 60.91 41.65 9.91 13.59 340751 268 6253 Constant Above average 17 7.4 2701 10926 3284 7436
Salinas, CA 9.07 56.09 53.82 51.27 98.01 43.06 54.68 27.76 79.6 370650 670 4248 Constant Above average -5.5 5.5 2883 8499 1505 5229
Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT 30.32 96.88 98.3 81.3 62.03 53.83 92.36 68.83 96.31 1324187 341 6342 Constant Average 23.8 11.3 24168 76517 20817 60119
San Angelo, TX 92.92 26.34 10.48 24.36 52.69 49.01 28.62 19.26 14.16 103645 528 5030 Constant Average 10.3 3.8 199 2175 446 1449
San Antonio, TX 91.79 80.73 96.31 66 65.15 27.2 60.91 68.27 65.72 1597810 501 7763 Decreasing Below average 12.4 9.8 13543 76184 13514 58065
San Diego, CA 3.12 89.23 97.73 79.6 99.71 25.22 91.22 68.55 90.08 2859202 806 4983 Decreasing Below average 4 9.2 15945 134546 19962 110472
San Francisco, CA 0.29 86.68 66.85 98.01 97.45 17.85 97.46 95.46 93.48 1675039 901 5256 Decreasing Below average -1.9 3.7 -1182 51478 1791 44103
San Jose, CA 1.7 79.32 81.58 87.25 96.31 60.34 94.34 70.53 64.87 1646595 510 3892 Constant Above average 2.3 5 4853 54526 8227 39924
San Luis Obispo-Atascadero-Paso Robles, CA 7.09 39.66 58.35 26.91 98.86 68.84 29.75 45.89 45.6 241428 452 3236 Decreasing Average 8.5 6.9 1774 7145 1968 5297
Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc, CA 1.99 64.87 66 69.12 100 66.29 53.26 71.1 65.43 396774 446 3897 Decreasing Average 7.6 5.8 2251 11831 2047 8608
Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA 3.4 7.64 52.12 36.26 96.6 39.67 56.66 37.67 26.34 243227 628 5151 Decreasing Above average 12.2 6.5 2064 7416 1370 5301
Santa Fe, NM 9.92 33.71 75.63 81.01 84.98 38.82 65.44 49.57 15.01 150734 880 2741 Constant Below average 23.9 11.9 1495 10735 1937 7502
Santa Rosa, CA 6.52 22.37 80.45 27.47 95.18 65.73 54.96 82.43 59.2 444428 422 4211 Decreasing Average 17.2 7.6 4373 14862 4486 10029
Sarasota-Bradenton, FL 60.91 69.4 92.06 25.21 89.8 18.99 73.09 73.93 94.33 568065 807 6024 Constant Below average 25.7 12.2 4227 37784 3308 31072
Savannah, GA 57.51 55.24 48.72 42.49 81.01 23.8 45.05 52.12 76.77 290618 682 6413 Constant Average 10.7 5.9 -97 10096 1214 6844
Scranton-Wilkes Barre-Hazelton, PA 52.13 62.32 20.96 81.86 39.94 97.17 67.71 80.45 71.95 619242 204 2122 Constant Average 3.3 2.5 -3268 11653 -1845 7088
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA 8.5 86.96 97.16 86.11 77.62 45.05 91.79 87.25 90.65 2356143 462 6098 Constant Average 9.3 8.1 18632 121765 31070 78980
Sharon, PA 55.25 12.46 22.09 15.86 32.01 96.89 2.55 14.44 29.74 122959 216 2120 Constant Above average 3 5.3 817 2498 860 1895
Sheboygan, WI 49.58 21.81 16.99 14.16 35.41 94.06 61.76 11.61 62.6 111706 112 3670 Constant Above average 14.7 4.5 604 2755 719 2429
Sherman-Denison, TX 97.17 0.56 15.86 20.67 46.45 57.8 19.55 36.26 26.62 103371 401 5362 Constant Above average 8.6 4.8 436 2310 648 1769
Shreveport-Bossier City, LA 92.07 64.58 39.94 27.19 54.39 9.64 39.38 89.8 59.49 384145 884 6902 Constant Average 9.3 3.9 337 8386 1999 5256
Sioux City, IA-NE 55.81 46.17 51.55 43.9 11.33 27.48 36.27 41.07 24.36 124328 725 5469 Constant Above average 7 7.5 1396 5067 1979 3327
Sioux Falls, SD 93.77 61.75 70.82 52.12 5.09 80.17 45.61 93.76 34.27 170629 270 3736 Constant Average 23.2 9 2283 9733 1953 7472
South Bend, IN 85.27 71.67 61.47 87.53 6.23 54.4 62.61 56.09 46.74 261136 437 5326 Constant Average 13.4 6.4 1231 9416 1768 7522
Spokane, WA 66.01 77.05 73.37 75.92 67.7 49.3 71.39 80.16 39.94 418288 431 5963 Constant Average 5.8 6.5 3588 12517 3618 9959
Springfield, IL 79.33 62.6 24.64 64.02 11.89 32.3 37.68 84.41 30.31 206294 681 5323 Constant Below average 4.6 3.9 307 5053 1053 3865
Springfield, MA 34 92.35 10.76 91.5 7.93 20.12 73.66 42.77 66.57 574951 948 4486 Constant Average -2.8 2.3 -3143 8091 -3081 6803
Springfield, MO 88.67 55.8 71.67 91.78 27.47 69.69 34.28 58.07 41.64 317270 283 4828 Constant Average 23.3 7.7 1318 15206 4675 11463
Stamford-Norwalk, CT 1.42 9.34 5.94 13.03 35.97 79.89 88.67 76.2 34.56 333180 270 3766 Decreasing Average -3.2 1.9 -2148 5743 -2144 5301
State College, PA 30.6 53.54 52.4 43.05 33.99 98.59 25.5 3.11 35.97 137580 119 2824 Constant Average 10.3 7 795 5601 2736 2508
Steubenville-Weirton, OH-WV 68.84 7.36 0 28.61 26.34 96.32 31.73 7.93 13.31 135054 298 1611 Constant Above average -0.4 1.2 -969 1694 -673 1271
Stockton-Lodi, CA 23.8 1.41 64.87 24.64 95.46 11.05 36.83 16.14 32.29 563423 876 6775 Decreasing Average 9.8 5.2 1917 10662 2978 7852
Sumter, SC 79.61 13.59 20.67 32.01 73.93 9.07 5.39 1.41 7.64 108108 1097 5015 Constant Above average 9.3 4.8 1029 1695 1357 1105
Syracuse, NY 37.97 88.66 54.39 94.33 17.84 83.29 81.31 78.18 95.46 744044 266 3455 Constant Average 0.1 3.1 775 12347 3277 9204
Tacoma, WA 34.28 82.43 89.8 44.47 77.05 19.27 84.71 26.34 69.97 706508 791 6136 Constant Below average 15.2 8.8 3656 26446 6549 17987
Tallahassee, FL 62.61 62.03 81.01 63.73 83.56 0.29 64.03 44.19 61.18 272026 1343 8404 Constant Below average 16 8.7 791 15564 4478 9088
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL 79.89 91.5 94.33 67.98 90.65 4.54 66.58 77.05 98.01 2308247 1141 6483 Constant Below average 16 7.6 12174 89840 15363 70187
Terre Haute, IN 76.21 27.76 6.79 69.4 33.71 40.51 28.05 47.87 24.64 149323 574 5631 Constant Average 16 2.9 -125 2679 76 1860
Texarkana, TX-Texarkana, AR 94.34 24.07 16.71 30.31 63.73 38.53 1.14 51.84 3.96 125226 627 5308 Constant Average 4.9 4.6 726 2331 874 1530
Toledo, OH 46.46 75.07 58.64 85.26 29.74 41.08 85.84 87.53 69.12 615385 533 5886 Constant Average 8.9 4.1 1414 14704 2047 11481
Topeka, KS 92.64 44.75 15.01 23.22 28.32 5.39 48.73 49.85 22.09 166972 977 7611 Constant Below average 6.3 3.9 -350 5116 233 1403
Trenton, NJ 9.64 44.19 41.35 94.9 53.82 51.28 80.74 74.22 45.04 331692 559 4443 Decreasing Below average 4.5 3.5 -1778 9882 3540 4236
Tucson, AZ 53.55 71.1 92.63 54.67 87.25 11.9 66.29 74.5 79.03 820787 715 8108 Constant Below average 22 9.1 3312 35001 7139 25393
Tulsa, OK 80.74 71.38 72.52 50.42 36.54 31.45 63.18 49.29 84.41 784331 727 4924 Constant Average 11.3 5.1 3459 21553 3741 16450
Tuscaloosa, AL 77.63 15.58 38.81 65.15 62.88 8.5 13.04 22.66 33.99 166631 852 7634 Constant Above average 16.1 6.8 1004 5308 1034 3336
Tyler, TX 95.76 28.32 42.49 45.89 51.84 29.18 9.35 67.13 27.76 171087 613 6308 Constant Average 16.8 6 1027 5411 1730 3368
Utica-Rome, NY 17 39.09 24.36 78.18 15.01 93.49 30.88 35.41 78.47 297641 202 2863 Constant Average -7.1 3.1 649 4277 1594 2256
Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa, CA 7.94 5.66 89.23 23.79 93.2 33.43 64.88 28.61 64.58 524088 720 4791 Constant Average -0.4 10 3785 19300 5711 10931
Ventura, CA 8.22 5.09 88.66 36.54 99.43 69.98 63.74 43.9 54.67 752053 433 3310 Decreasing Average 13.1 8 4340 27346 5306 21014
Victoria, TX 99.44 16.99 20.39 20.11 67.98 21.25 8.5 72.52 3.39 84739 798 5794 Decreasing Average 9.8 5.7 382 2365 667 1492
Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton, NJ 18.99 15.29 8.21 5.66 61.75 21.82 34.85 10.48 10.76 141735 831 5285 Constant Above average -0.1 2.5 163 1543 666 1001
Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, CA 37.12 24.36 41.07 1.41 96.03 37.12 16.44 6.51 4.81 365607 676 4946 Constant Above average 13.7 4.9 1015 7310 1577 4921
Waco, TX 98.02 33.99 42.77 50.7 43.62 14.74 13.6 32.29 28.61 207628 817 6502 Decreasing Average 15.4 5.7 967 5839 1840 3427
Washington, DC-MD-VA-WV 4.54 97.16 92.91 97.73 56.09 38.25 99.72 98.3 88.66 4745302 685 4729 Constant Below average 6.3 5.6 28785 156575 31698 116100
Waterbury, CT 19.27 3.96 5.09 15.58 37.11 59.5 32.58 50.99 7.36 222825 367 5496 Constant Average -4.9 2.6 -1019 3603 -953 3051
Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA 89.52 52.69 11.89 42.77 6.51 70.54 40.51 65.72 28.04 122671 330 4315 Constant Average 8.3 3.8 -352 3566 188 1892
Wausau, WI 52.98 58.07 40.22 19.54 5.66 99.44 20.4 29.17 25.49 126153 87 2749 Constant Above average 16.9 6.4 1857 3364 2128 2381
West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, FL 39.67 77.9 90.93 48.15 88.38 3.12 76.49 83 95.75 1084445 1043 7932 Constant Below average 18.1 8 3871 41987 7352 27488
Wheeling, WV-OH 67.43 14.16 13.59 62.32 21.24 97.46 49.3 79.03 17.56 152472 192 2182 Constant Below average 5.6 4.4 -271 3816 361 2549
Wichita, KS 66.86 74.5 50.14 72.8 23.79 25.78 52.13 76.48 54.1 545225 612 6866 Constant Above average 7.6 4.7 -19 16393 809 9407
Wichita Falls, TX 98.87 35.97 25.21 13.59 38.24 28.33 10.77 52.4 24.07 137732 656 6042 Decreasing Average 7.4 4.4 1009 2985 1479 2025
Williamsport, PA 61.48 38.52 1.13 21.52 42.77 93.21 24.37 50.42 1.41 118650 190 3019 Constant Above average 4.8 2.3 -833 2334 -584 1402
Wilmington, NC 40.51 45.89 78.75 40.79 68.55 28.05 18.14 61.47 88.38 230460 610 6549 Constant Average 18.6 11.2 1142 13698 2015 7844
Wilmington-Newark, DE-MD 29.18 18.41 64.02 66.28 59.77 54.96 70.83 32.86 64.02 569974 541 4224 Constant Average 5.5 4.5 624 15289 2830 11426
Worcester, MA-CT 15.3 39.94 14.16 82.43 42.2 63.18 74.51 69.97 66 494787 551 3201 Constant Average -0.7 2.9 -798 6518 -1153 5294
Yakima, WA 73.38 47.02 37.67 4.24 86.96 30.88 28.33 25.77 18.13 224732 506 7204 Decreasing Above average 7.7 5.8 1033 5801 1211 3650
Yolo, CA 10.49 19.83 71.1 28.32 93.48 36.55 19.27 42.49 6.51 160028 582 5953 Constant Average 28.4 9.8 1377 9175 2757 5506
York, PA 31.17 10.76 45.89 9.91 36.82 93.77 12.19 5.66 21.81 377507 181 3019 Decreasing Above average 6.2 4.9 1659 8943 1357 7297
Youngstown-Warren, OH 70.26 49 65.43 58.64 22.09 50.71 21.82 20.39 73.65 594673 678 3359 Constant Above average 5 4.8 2617 12517 2964 9231
Yuba City, CA 33.15 4.81 37.39 3.39 90.36 23.52 9.35 6.23 5.38 147052 838 4937 Constant Above average 11.2 8.4 627 5002 582 3661
Yuma, AZ 43.35 37.11 54.67 2.26 88.95 28.9 3.69 0.28 8.49 152389 633 6157 Constant Above average 22.7 9.3 2223 4842 1381 1785
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