Health Care Delivery System Questions

NSG110 Week 2 Erika Warnick, MSN, RN, CPN Chapter 2: The Health Care Delivery System IOM ❑Institute of Medicine ▪ Health Care Deliver System: oSafe oEffective oPatient-Centered oTimely oEfficient oEquitable IOM & Impact on Nursing ❑Challenge nurses to provide EB, compassionate care and continue in the role as patient advocate ❑Transformation through: ▪ Practicing to full extent of their education and training ▪ Achieving higher levels of education and training through an improved education system that provides seamless progression ▪ Becoming full partners with physicians and other health care providers in redesigning the health care system ▪ Improving data collection and information infrastructure for effective workforce planning and policy making Health Care Regulation & Reform ❑Health Care Regulation ▪ Goal = Control Health Care $ oUR oCapitation oManaged Care oNever Events (Sentinel event) ❑Health Care Reform ▪ Goals =  access,  costs,  quality Patient Safety & Quality Care Never Event • Preventable • Considered a Sentinel event • Examples: – Surgery on wrong limb – Wrong type of blood transfused – Baby sent home with wrong family Sentinel Even • Unexpected event • Causes severe injury or risk thereof • Must be reported • Examples: – Transfusion reaction – Unexplained death of full term newborn – All Never Events Curative Care vs. Preventive Care ❑Focus shifting to Preventive Care in US ▪ Managing Health versus Managing Illness ❑Goal = Improve Healthcare Health Services Pyramid Examples of Healthcare Services ❑Primary Care ❑Preventive Care ❑Secondary Care ❑Tertiary Care ❑Restorative Care ❑Continuing Care When does DISCHARGE planning begin? Nursing Shortage Quality & Safety ❑Healthcare = IOM ❑Nursing = QSEN Magnet Recognition Program ❑American Nurses Credential Center ▪ HCO that achieve excellence in nursing practice NDNQI Nursing Informatics Chapter 3: Community-Based Nursing Practice Social Determinants of Health ❑Factors that contribute to a person’s current state of health ❑Examples ▪ Biology & Genetics ▪ Individual Behavior ▪ Social Environment ▪ Physical Environment ▪ Health Services Health Disparities Community Health Nursing ❑Nursing Practice in the Community ▪ Focus on healthcare of individuals, families and groups within the community ▪ Goal = preserve, protect, promote or maintain health ❑NOT Public Health Nursing = understanding the needs of a population Community-Based Nursing ❑Nursing care provided in community setting focuses on needs of family or individual ▪ Home or Clinic Vulnerable Populations ❑Groups of patients more likely to develop health problems as result of excess health risks, who are limited in access or depend on others for care Chapter 5: Evidence-Based Practice Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) Steps of EBP PICOT Question Finding Evidence ❑Scientific Databases ❑Search terms Evidence Appraisal ❑Is it scholarly? ▪ Scientific Literature ▪ Discipline Relevant ▪ Peer-Reviewed ❑Is it relevant? ▪ Time ▪ Discipline/Applicable What is Scientific Literature? ❑Follows scientific method ❑Research-based ▪ Validity, Reliability and Generalizability ❑Types of Research ▪ Quantitative Research ▪ Qualitative Research ▪ Mixed-Method Research Types of Research Studies ❑Historical ❑Exploratory ❑Evaluation ❑Descriptive ❑Experimental ▪ Randomized Control Trial ❑Correlational Applying Nursing Process to Research Process Chapter 6: Health & Wellness Healthy People What is Health? ❑According to WHO (World Health Organization, 1947): ▪ “A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” ❑Models of Health ▪ Health Belief Model ▪ Health Promotion Model ▪ Maslow’s Hierarchy ▪ Holistic Health Models Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Variables Influencing Health Internal ❑ Developmental Stage External ❑ Family Practice ❑ Intellectual Background ❑ Psychosocial & SES ❑ Perception of Functioning ❑ Emotional Factors ❑ Spiritual Factors ❑ Cultural Background Health Promotion, Wellness & Illness Prevention ❑Health Promotion ▪ Activities to maintain or enhance present level of health ❑Wellness ▪ Help people achieve a new understanding and control of their lives ❑Illness Prevention ▪ Activities to protect patients from actual or potential threats to health Levels of Preventive Care ❑Primary Prevention ▪ Precedes disease or illness ❑Secondary Prevention ▪ Those experiencing problems/illness and are at risk for complications/worsening of condition ❑Tertiary Prevention ▪ Defect or disability is permanent and irreversible Risk Factors ❑Genetic & Physiological Factors ❑Age ❑Environment ❑Lifestyle Illness ❑Acute ❑Chronic Impact of Illness ❑Behavioral & Emotional Changes ❑Impact on Body Image ❑Impact on Self-Concept ❑Impact on Family Roles ❑Impact on Family Dynamics .