Week 10: Women’s and Men’s Health/Infections and Hematologic Systems, Part II

Bacterial and viral infections may spread through the direct contact of bodily fluids such as blood or through vectors, who help to spread infections via the blood. When you think of infections and the hematologic system, what comes to mind?

Infectious diseases, such as malaria, dengue, or other hemorrhagic fevers are some examples of infections that impact the hematologic system. However, disorders of the hematologic system, such as anemia or blood clotting factor disorders, can also have a deleterious effect on a patient’s health and well-being. As an advanced practice nurse, you will need to understand the different types of pharmacotherapeutics used to treat infections and disorders of the hematologic system as you work to enhance patient-centered approaches for safe, quality, and effective care.

This week, you will examine infections and hematologic disorders, as well as the types of drugs used to treat aspects of these disorders or health systems. NURS 6521N Week 10 Discussion

Learning Objectives

Students will:

• Evaluate patients for treatment of complex health issues
• Evaluate patients for treatment of infections
• Evaluate patients for treatment of hematologic disorders
• Analyze patient education strategies for the management and treatment of complex comorbidities  NURS 6521N Week 10 Discussion

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Learning Resources – NURS 6521N Week 10 Discussion

Required Readings (click to expand/reduce)

Rosenthal, L. D., & Burchum, J. R. (2018). Lehne’s pharmacotherapeutics for advacned practice providers. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.

• Chapter 44, “Anticoagulant and Antiplatelet Drugs” (pp. 451–472)
• Chapter 45, “Drugs for Deficiency Anemias” (pp. 473–483)
• Chapter 48, “Estrogens and Progestins: Basic Pharmacology and Noncontraceptive Applications” (pp. 521–533)
• Chapter 49, “Birth Control” (pp. 535–547)
• Chapter 50, “Androgens” (pp. 549–556)
• Chapter 51, “Drugs for Erectile Dysfunction and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia” (pp. 557–569)
• Chapter 68, “Basic Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy” (pp. 769–781)
• Chapter 69, “Drugs That Weaken the Bacterial Cell Wall I: Penicillins” (pp. 783–790)
• Chapter 73, “Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim” (pp. 619–826)
• Chapter 74, “Drug Therapy of Urinary Tract Infections” (pp. 827–831) NURS 6521N Week 10 Discussion
• Chapter 75, “Antimycobacterial Agents” (pp. 833–847)
• Chapter 76, “Miscellaneous Antibacterial Drugs” (pp. 849–853)
• Chapter 77, “Antifungal Agents” (pp. 855–866)
• Chapter 78, “Antiviral Agents I: Drugs for Non-HIV Viral Infections” (pp. 867–886)
• Chapter 80, “Drug Therapy of Sexually Transmitted Diseases” (pp. 905–911)

Lunenfeld, B., Mskhalaya, G., Zitzmann, M., Arver, S., Kalinchenko, S., Tishova, Y., & Morgentaler, A. (2015). Recommendations on the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of hypogonadism in men. Aging Male, 18(1), 5–15. doi:10.3109/13685538.2015.1004049

This article presents recommendations on the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of hypogonadism in men. Reflect on the concepts presented and consider how this might impact your role as an advanced practice nurse in treating men’s health disorders. NURS 6521N Week 10 Discussion

Montaner, J. S. G., Lima, V. D., Harrigan, P. R., Lourenço, L., Yip, B., Nosyk, B., … Kendall, P. (2014). Expansion of HAART coverage is associated with sustained decreases in HIV/AIDS morbidity, mortality and HIV transmission: The “HIV Treatment as Prevention” experience in a Canadian setting. PLoS ONE, 9(2), e87872. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0087872

NURS 6521N Week 10 Discussion

This study examines HAART therapy and its sustainability and profound population-level decrease in morbidity, mortality, and HIV transmission.

Roberts, H., & Hickey, M. (2016). Managing the menopause: An update. Maturitas, 86(2016), 53–58. .https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.01.007

This article provides an update on treatments on Vasomotor symptoms (VMS), genito-urinary syndrome of menopause (GSM), sleep disturbance, sexual dysfunction, and mood disturbance that are common during the menopause transition.

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2014). Guide to clinical preventive services, 2014: Section 2. Recommendations for adults. Retrieved from http://www.ahrq.gov/professionals/clinicians-providers/guidelines-recommendations/guide/section2.html

NURS 6521N Week 10 Discussion

This website lists various preventive services available for men and women and provides information about available screenings, tests, preventive medication, and counseling.

Document: Final Exam Study Guide (PDF)

Required Media (click to expand/reduce)

Laureate Education (Producer). (2019h). Pathopharmacology: Pharmacology and immunological disorders: Improvements in medications and drug administration [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 8 minutes.
Nurse Manager, Bette Nunn discusses how technology has improved the practice of administering drugs and created new and improved drug therapies. The importance of using technology as well as a patient’s knowledge of their own drug history is also discussed.

Accessible player –Downloads–Download Video w/CCDownload AudioDownload Transcript

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Discussion: Women’s and Men’s Health, Infectious Disease, and Hematologic Disorders

To Prepare

By Day 6 of Week 10

Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses from Week 9 and respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days who were assigned a different patient case study, and provide recommendations for alternative drug treatments to address the patient’s pathophysiology. Be specific and provide examples.

Note: For this Discussion, you are required to complete your initial post before you will be able to view and respond to your colleagues’ postings. Begin by clicking on the “Post to Discussion Question” link, and then select “Create Thread” to complete your initial post. Remember, once you click on Submit, you cannot delete or edit your own posts, and you cannot post anonymously. Please check your post carefully before clicking on Submit!

Sample Discussion

HH is a 68 yo M who has been admitted to the medical ward with community-acquired pneumonia for the past 3 days. His PMH is significant for COPD, HTN, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. He remains on empiric antibiotics, which include ceftriaxone 1 g IV qday (day 3) and azithromycin 500 mg IV qday (day 3). Since admission, his clinical status has improved, with decreased oxygen requirements. He is not tolerating a diet currently with complaints of nausea and vomiting. NURS 6521N Week 10 Discussion

Allergies: Penicillin (rash)

Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs. It causes cough with phlegm or pus, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing. It can be caused by viruses or bacteria. Treatment consists of antibiotics. Some forms of pneumonia can be prevented by vaccines. In this weeks’ discussion, there will be a brief description of the patient’s need in the case study that will explain the type of regimen recommended for treating the patient with pneumonia. It will also be discussed the patient education strategy that will be recommended assisting the patient with managing their health needs.

Nausea and vomiting are side effects of many medications. These symptoms are common complaints of antibiotics. Anti-emetics are prescribed to treat nausea and vomiting. Clinical stability for mild to moderate community-acquired pneumonia is 3 days on the average (Shrayteh, Z., Rahal, M., & Malaeb, D., 2014.). Around the third day the patient is switched to oral medication. In the case study the patient will be prescribed Zofran 8 mg BID as needed to help with the nausea and vomiting. NURS 6521N Week 10 Discussion

The patient’s clinical status has improved therefore oral ceftriaxone 1mg po daily and azithromycin 500 mg po daily will be prescribed. The patient will be educated on the administration of oral antibiotics. Since the patient has a history of nausea and vomiting with the antibiotics, take mediation at bedtime to sleep of the potential nausea.  The patient also needs to be educated to take antibiotic at the same time and take all medication. The full treatment is necessary to kill the disease-causing antibiotic (Mayo Clinic. 2018). NURS 6521N Week 10 Discussion

References:

Mayo Clinic. (2018). Antibiotics. Retrieved from https://www.mayclinic.org/health-lifestyle/comsumers-health/in-depth/antibiotics/art-2004572

Shrayteh, Z., Rahal, M., & Malaeb, D., (2014). Practice of Switch from Intravenous to Oral Antibiotics. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4320166/#Abs1titile

Submission and Grading Information

Grading Criteria

To access your rubric:

Week 9 Discussion Rubric

Post by Day 3 of Week 9 and Respond by Day 6 of Week 10

To Participate in this Discussion:

Week 9 Discussion

Rubric Detail – NURS 6521N Week 10 Discussion

Select Grid View or List View to change the rubric’s layout.

Name: NURS_6521_Week9_Discussion_Rubric
Grid View
List View
Excellent Good Fair Poor
Main Posting
45 (45%) – 50 (50%)
Answers all parts of the discussion question(s) expectations with reflective critical analysis and synthesis of knowledge gained from the course readings for the module and current credible sources.

Supported by at least three current, credible sources.

Written clearly and concisely with no grammatical or spelling errors and fully adheres to current APA manual writing rules and style.
40 (40%) – 44 (44%) NURS 6521N Week 10 Discussion
Responds to the discussion question(s) and is reflective with critical analysis and synthesis of knowledge gained from the course readings for the module.

At least 75% of post has exceptional depth and breadth.

Supported by at least three credible sources.

Written clearly and concisely with one or no grammatical or spelling errors and fully adheres to current APA manual writing rules and style.
35 (35%) – 39 (39%)
Responds to some of the discussion question(s).

One or two criteria are not addressed or are superficially addressed.

Is somewhat lacking reflection and critical analysis and synthesis. NURS 6521N Week 10 Discussion

Somewhat represents knowledge gained from the course readings for the module.

Post is cited with two credible sources.

Written somewhat concisely; may contain more than two spelling or grammatical errors.

Contains some APA formatting errors.
0 (0%) – 34 (34%)
Does not respond to the discussion question(s) adequately.

Lacks depth or superficially addresses criteria.

Lacks reflection and critical analysis and synthesis.

Does not represent knowledge gained from the course readings for the module.

Contains only one or no credible sources.

Not written clearly or concisely.

Contains more than two spelling or grammatical errors. NURS 6521N Week 10 Discussion

Does not adhere to current APA manual writing rules and style.
Main Post: Timeliness
10 (10%) – 10 (10%)
Posts main post by day 3
0 (0%) – 0 (0%)
0 (0%) – 0 (0%)
0 (0%) – 0 (0%)
Does not post by day 3
First Response
17 (17%) – 18 (18%)
Response exhibits synthesis, critical thinking, and application to practice settings.

Responds fully to questions posed by faculty.

Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by at least two scholarly sources.

Demonstrates synthesis and understanding of learning objectives.

Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues. .

Responses to faculty questions are fully answered, if posed.

Response is effectively written in standard, edited English. NURS 6521N Week 10 Discussion
15 (15%) – 16 (16%)
Response exhibits synthesis, critical thinking, and application to practice settings.

Responds fully to questions posed by faculty.

Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by at least two scholarly sources.

Demonstrates synthesis and understanding of learning objectives.

Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues. .

Responses to faculty questions are fully answered, if posed.

Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.
13 (13%) – 14 (14%)
Response is on topic and may have some depth. NURS 6521N Week 10 Discussion

Responses posted in the discussion may lack effective professional communication.

Responses to faculty questions are somewhat answered, if posed.

Response may lack clear, concise opinions and ideas, and a few or no credible sources are cited.
0 (0%) – 12 (12%)
Response may not be on topic and lacks depth.

Responses posted in the discussion lack effective professional communication.

Responses to faculty questions are missing.

No credible sources are cited.
Second Response
16 (16%) – 17 (17%)
Response exhibits synthesis, critical thinking, and application to practice settings.

Responds fully to questions posed by faculty.

Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by at least two scholarly sources.

Demonstrates synthesis and understanding of learning objectives.  NURS 6521N Week 10 Discussion

Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues. .

Responses to faculty questions are fully answered, if posed.

Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.
14 (14%) – 15 (15%)
Response exhibits critical thinking and application to practice settings.

Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues.

Responses to faculty questions are answered, if posed.

Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by two or more credible sources.

Response is effectively written in standard, edited English.
12 (12%) – 13 (13%)
Response is on topic and may have some depth.

Responses posted in the discussion may lack effective professional communication.

Responses to faculty questions are somewhat answered, if posed. .

Response may lack clear, concise opinions and ideas, and a few or no credible sources are cited.
0 (0%) – 11 (11%)
Response may not be on topic and lacks depth.  NURS 6521N Week 10 Discussion

Responses posted in the discussion lack effective professional communication.

Responses to faculty questions are missing.

No credible sources are cited.
Participation
5 (5%) – 5 (5%)
Meets requirements for participation by posting on three different days.
0 (0%) – 0 (0%)
0 (0%) – 0 (0%)
0 (0%) – 0 (0%)
Does not meet requirements for participation by posting on 3 different days
Total Points: 100
Name: NURS_6521_Week9_Discussion_Rubric. NURS 6521N Week 10 Discussion