NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

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This week you may again choose your own case from this list:

Case Study 1: Patient AO has a history of obesity and has recently gained 9 pounds. The patient has been diagnosed with hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Drugs currently prescribed include the following:

Atenolol 12.5 mg daily

Doxazosin 8 mg daily

Hydralazine 10 mg qid

Sertraline 25 mg daily

Simvastatin 80 mg daily. NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

Case Study 2:Patient HM has a history of atrial fibrillation and a transient ischemic attack (TIA). The patient has been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and ischemic heart disease. Drugs currently prescribed include the following:

Warfarin 5 mg daily MWF and 2.5 mg daily T, TH, Sat, Sun

Aspirin 81 mg daily

Metformin 1000 mg po bid

Glyburide 10 mg bid

Atenolol 100 mg po daily

Motrin 200 mg 1–3 tablets every 6 hours as needed for pain

Case Study 3:Patient CB has a history of strokes. The patient has been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Drugs currently prescribed include the following:
Glipizide 10 mg po daily

HCTZ 25 mg daily

Atenolol 25 mg po daily

Hydralazine 25 mg qid

Simvastatin 80 mg daily

Verapamil 180 mg CD daily

Reference:

ACC/ACHA
Guideline on the Management of Blood Cholesterolhttp://www.onlinejacc.org/content/accj/73/24/e285.full.pdf?_ga=2.211926493.853299748.1583090983-768093126.1583090983

Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adultshttp://www.onlinejacc.org/content/accj/71/19/e127.full.pdf?_ga=2.119020992.853299748.1583090983-768093126.1583090983

Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseasehttp://www.onlinejacc.org/content/accj/74/10/e177.full.pdf?_ga=2.120069185.853299748.1583090983-768093126.1583090983
Guideline for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillationhttp://www.onlinejacc.org/content/accj/74/1/104.full.pdf?_ga=2.181500014.853299748.1583090983-768093126.1583090983
Guideline for the Management of Heart Failurehttp://www.onlinejacc.org/content/accj/70/6/776.full.pdf?_ga=2.182392302.853299748.1583090983-768093126.1583090983 NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

Strategies to Enhance Application of Clinical Practice Guidelines in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease and Comorbid Conditionshttp://www.onlinejacc.org/content/accj/64/17/1851.full.pdf?_ga=2.174568939.853299748.1583090983-768093126.1583090983
Effectiveness-Based Guidelines for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Womenhttp://www.onlinejacc.org/content/accj/57/12/1404.full.pdf?_ga=2.214857950.853299748.1583090983-768093126.1583090983 NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Patients With Syncopehttp://www.onlinejacc.org/content/accj/70/5/e39.full.pdf?_ga=2.186086496.853299748.1583090983-768093126.1583090983 NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

Week 2: Cardiovascular System

Alterations of the cardiovascular system can cause serious adverse events and may lead to death when not treated in a timely and safe manner. Unfortunately, many patients with cardiovascular disorders are unaware until complications appear. In clinical settings, patients often present with symptoms of several cardiovascular disorders, making it essential for you, as the advanced practice nurse, to be able to recognize these symptoms and recommend appropriate drug treatment options.

This week, you examine the impact of patient factors that may lead to changes in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes on patient drug therapy for cardiovascular disorders. You also explore ways to improve drug therapy plans for cardiovascular disorders based on patient factors and overall health needs. NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

Learning Objectives

Students will:

Analyze the influence of patient factors on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes
Analyze the impact of changes in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes on patient drug therapies
Evaluate drug therapy plans for cardiovascular disorders

Learning Resources – NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

Required Readings (click to expand/reduce)

Rosenthal, L. D., & Burchum, J. R. (2018). Lehne’s pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice providers. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.

Chapter 34, “Review of Hemodynamics” (pp. 335–340)
Chapter 35, “Diuretics” (pp. 341–349)
Chapter 36, “Drugs Acting on the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System” (pp. 351–362)
Chapter 37, “Calcium Channel Blockers” (pp. 363–369)
Chapter 38, “Vasodilators” (pp. 371–373)
Chapter 39, “Drugs for Hypertension” (pp. 375–388)
Chapter 40, “Drugs for Heart Failure” (pp. 389–402)
Chapter 41, “Antidysrhythmic Drugs” (pp. 403–418)
Chapter 42, “Prophylaxis of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Drugs That Help Normalize Cholesterol and Triglyceride Levels” (pp. 419–439)
Chapter 43, “Drugs for Angina Pectoris” (pp. 441–450)
Chapter 44, “Anticoagulant and Antiplatelet Drugs” (pp. 451–472) NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

Required Media (click to expand/reduce)

Cardiovascular Disorders

Meet Dr. Norbert Myslinski as he discusses ACE inhibitors, angiotensin inhibitors, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and diuretics as different categories of hypertension drugs. What potential drugs might be best recommended for patients suffering from hypertension? (8m)

Accessible player –Downloads–Download Video w/CCDownload AudioDownload Transcript

Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

…heart disease remains the No. 1 killer in America; nearly half of all Americans have high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or smoke—some of the leading risk factors for heart disease…

—Murphy et al., 2018

Despite the high mortality rates associated with cardiovascular disorders, improved treatment options do exist that can help address those risk factors that afflict the majority of the population today.

Photo Credit: Getty Images/Science Photo Library RF

As an advanced practice nurse, it is your responsibility to recommend appropriate treatment options for patients with cardiovascular disorders. To ensure the safety and effectiveness of drug therapy, advanced practice nurses must consider aspects that might influence pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes such as medical history, other drugs currently prescribed, and individual patient factors. NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

Reference: Murphy, S. L., Xu, J., Kochanek, K. D., & Arias, E. (2018). Mortality in the United States, 2017. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db328.htm

To Prepare

Review the Resources for this module and consider the impact of potential pharmacotherapeutics for cardiovascular disorders introduced in the media piece.
Review the case study assigned by your Instructor for this Assignment.
Select one the following factors: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior factors.
Reflect on how the factor you selected might influence the patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes.
Consider how changes in the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes might impact the patient’s recommended drug therapy. NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders
Think about how you might improve the patient’s drug therapy plan based on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes. Reflect on whether you would modify the current drug treatment or provide an alternative treatment option for the patient.

By Day 7 of Week 2

Write a 2- to 3-page paper that addresses the following:

Explain how the factor you selected might influence the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes in the patient from the case study you were assigned.
Describe how changes in the processes might impact the patient’s recommended drug therapy. Be specific and provide examples.
Explain how you might improve the patient’s drug therapy plan and explain why you would make these recommended improvements. NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

Reminder: The College of Nursing requires that all papers submitted include a title page, introduction, summary, and references. The College of Nursing Writing Template with Instructions provided at the Walden Writing Center offers an example of those required elements (available at https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templates/general#s-lg-box-20293632). All papers submitted must use this formatting.

Submission and Grading Information. NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:

Please save your Assignment using the naming convention “WK2Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” as the name.
Click the Week 2 Assignment Rubric to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.
Click the Week 2 Assignment link. You will also be able to “View Rubric” for grading criteria from this area.
Next, from the Attach File area, click on the Browse My Computer button. Find the document you saved as “WK2Assgn+last name+first initial.(extension)” and click Open.
If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database.
Click on the Submit button to complete your submission. NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

Grading Criteria

To access your rubric:

Week 2 Assignment Rubric

Check Your Assignment Draft for Authenticity

To check your Assignment draft for authenticity:

Submit your Week 2 Assignment draft and review the originality report.

Submit Your Assignment by Day 7 of Week 2

To participate in this Assignment:

Week 2 Assignment

Rubric Detail – NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

Select Grid View or List View to change the rubric’s layout.

Name: NURS_6521_Week2_Assignment_Rubric

	Excellent	Good	Fair	Poor
Explain how the factor you selected might influence the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes in the patient from the case study you were assigned.	23 (23%) – 25 (25%) The response accurately and completely explains in detail how the factor selected might influence the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes in the patient. NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders	20 (20%) – 22 (22%) The response provides a basic explanation of how the factor selected might influence the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes in the patient. NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders	18 (18%) – 19 (19%) The response inaccurately or vaguely explains how the factor selected might influence the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes in the patient.	0 (0%) – 17 (17%) The response inaccurately and vaguely explains how the factor selected might influence the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes in the patient, or is missing.
Describe how changes in the processes might impact the patient’s recommended drug therapy. Be specific and provide examples.	27 (27%) – 30 (30%) The response accurately and completely describes in detail how changes in the processes might impact the patient’s recommended drug therapy. Accurate, complete, and aligned examples are provided to support the response. NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders	24 (24%) – 26 (26%) The response accurately describes how changes in the processes might impact the patient’s recommended drug therapy. Accurate examples may be provided to support the response.	21 (21%) – 23 (23%) The response inaccurately or vaguely describes how changes in the processes might impact the patient’s recommended drug therapy. NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders Inaccurate or vague examples are provided to support the response.	0 (0%) – 20 (20%) The response inaccurately and vaguely describes how changes in the processes might impact the patient’s recommended drug therapy, or is missing. Inaccurate and vague examples may be provided to support the response, or is missing.
Explain how you might improve the patient’s drug therapy plan, and explain why you would make these recommended improvements.	27 (27%) – 30 (30%) The response accurately and clearly explains in detail how to improve the patient’s drug therapy plan. NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders The response includes an accurate and detailed explanation to support the recommended improvements.	24 (24%) – 26 (26%) The response accurately explains how to improve the patient’s drug therapy plan. The response may include an accurate explanation to support the recommended improvements.	21 (21%) – 23 (23%) The response inaccurately or vaguely explains how to improve the patient’s drug therapy plan. The response may include an inaccurate, vague, or misaligned explanation to support the recommended improvements.	0 (0%) – 20 (20%) The response inaccurately and vaguely explains how to improve the patient’s drug therapy plan, or is missing. The response may include an inaccurate and vague explanation to support the recommended improvements, or is missing. NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders
Written Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization: Paragraphs make clear points that support well developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused–neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance.	5 (5%) – 5 (5%) Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity. NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders	4 (4%) – 4 (4%) Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time.	3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%) Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60%–79% of the time.	0 (0%) – 3 (3%) Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity less than 60% of the time.
Written Expression and Formatting – English writing standards: Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation	5 (5%) – 5 (5%) Uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors. NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders	4 (4%) – 4 (4%) Contains a few (1–2) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors	3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%) Contains several (3–4) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors	0 (0%) – 3 (3%) Contains many (≥ 5) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders
Written Expression and Formatting – The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, running head, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list.	5 (5%) – 5 (5%) Uses correct APA format with no errors	4 (4%) – 4 (4%) Contains a few (1–2) APA format errors NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders	3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%) Contains several (3–4) APA format errors	0 (0%) – 3 (3%) Contains many (≥ 5) APA format errors

Total Points: 100

Name: NURS_6521_Week2_Assignment_Rubric

Rubric Detail

Select Grid View or List View to change the rubric’s layout.

Name: NURS_6521_Week2_Assignment_Rubric
Grid View
List View
Excellent Good Fair Poor
Explain how the factor you selected might influence the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes in the patient from the case study you were assigned.
23 (23%) – 25 (25%)

The response accurately and completely explains in detail how the factor selected might influence the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes in the patient.
20 (20%) – 22 (22%)
The response provides a basic explanation of how the factor selected might influence the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes in the patient.
18 (18%) – 19 (19%)
The response inaccurately or vaguely explains how the factor selected might influence the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes in the patient.
0 (0%) – 17 (17%) NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

The response inaccurately and vaguely explains how the factor selected might influence the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes in the patient, or is missing.
Describe how changes in the processes might impact the patient’s recommended drug therapy. Be specific and provide examples.
27 (27%) – 30 (30%)
The response accurately and completely describes in detail how changes in the processes might impact the patient’s recommended drug therapy. NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

Accurate, complete, and aligned examples are provided to support the response.
24 (24%) – 26 (26%)
The response accurately describes how changes in the processes might impact the patient’s recommended drug therapy.

Accurate examples may be provided to support the response.
21 (21%) – 23 (23%)
The response inaccurately or vaguely describes how changes in the processes might impact the patient’s recommended drug therapy.

Inaccurate or vague examples are provided to support the response.
0 (0%) – 20 (20%)
The response inaccurately and vaguely describes how changes in the processes might impact the patient’s recommended drug therapy, or is missing. NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

Inaccurate and vague examples may be provided to support the response, or is missing.
Explain how you might improve the patient’s drug therapy plan, and explain why you would make these recommended improvements.
27 (27%) – 30 (30%)
The response accurately and clearly explains in detail how to improve the patient’s drug therapy plan.

The response includes an accurate and detailed explanation to support the recommended improvements.
24 (24%) – 26 (26%)
The response accurately explains how to improve the patient’s drug therapy plan.

The response may include an accurate explanation to support the recommended improvements.
21 (21%) – 23 (23%) NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

The response inaccurately or vaguely explains how to improve the patient’s drug therapy plan.

The response may include an inaccurate, vague, or misaligned explanation to support the recommended improvements.
0 (0%) – 20 (20%)
The response inaccurately and vaguely explains how to improve the patient’s drug therapy plan, or is missing.

The response may include an inaccurate and vague explanation to support the recommended improvements, or is missing.
Written Expression and Formatting – Paragraph Development and Organization:
Paragraphs make clear points that support well developed ideas, flow logically, and demonstrate continuity of ideas. Sentences are carefully focused–neither long and rambling nor short and lacking substance.
5 (5%) – 5 (5%) NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity.
4 (4%) – 4 (4%)
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 80% of the time.
3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%)
Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity 60%–79% of the time.
0 (0%) – 3 (3%) NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

Paragraphs and sentences follow writing standards for flow, continuity, and clarity less than 60% of the time.
Written Expression and Formatting – English writing standards:
Correct grammar, mechanics, and proper punctuation
5 (5%) – 5 (5%)
Uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation with no errors
4 (4%) – 4 (4%)
Contains a few (1–2) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors
3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%)
Contains several (3–4) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors
0 (0%) – 3 (3%)

Contains many (≥ 5) grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors that interfere with the reader’s understanding
Written Expression and Formatting – The paper follows correct APA format for title page, headings, font, spacing, margins, indentations, page numbers, running head, parenthetical/in-text citations, and reference list. NURS 6521N Assignment: Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders
5 (5%) – 5 (5%)
Uses correct APA format with no errors
4 (4%) – 4 (4%)
Contains a few (1–2) APA format errors
3.5 (3.5%) – 3.5 (3.5%)
Contains several (3–4) APA format errors
0 (0%) – 3 (3%)
Contains many (≥ 5) APA format errors
Total Points: 100
Name: NURS_6521_Week2_Assignment_Rubric